The Relationship between Life Crises and Mental Deterioration in Old Age

Amster, Leslie Ellen; Krauss, Herbert H.

doi:10.2190/ja32-3vfr-29x4-d3q7

Cited by 104 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…16 Subjects also completed a comprehensive functional status battery, which included the Barthel ADL, the QWB , and the Geriatric Social Readjustment Rating scales. [17][18][19] Blood pressure was measured with the use of a calibrated standard aneroid sphygmomanometer (Omron). After the subject had 5 minutes of relative immobility in a sitting position, two blood pressure measurements separated by 15 minutes were recorded.…”

Section: Index Evaluation Of Case and Control Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Ischemic Stroke Risk

Sacco

Gan

Boden‐Albala

et al. 1998

Stroke

339

239

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Background and Purpose-Physical activity reduces the risk of premature death and cardiovascular disease, but the relationship to stroke is less well studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between leisure-time physical activity and ischemic stroke in an urban, elderly, multiethnic population. Methods-The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study is a population-based incidence and case-control study. Case subjects had first ischemic stroke, and control subjects were derived through random-digit dialing with 1:2 matching for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Physical activity was recorded through a standardized in-person interview regarding the frequency and duration of 14 activities over the 2 prior weeks. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals after adjustment for medical and socioeconomic confounders. Results-Over 30 months, 369 case subjects and 678 control subjects were enrolled. Mean age was 69.9Ϯ12 years; 57% were women, 18% whites, 30% blacks, and 52% Hispanics. Leisure-time physical activity was significantly protective for stroke after adjustment for cardiac disease, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, obesity, medical reasons for limited activity, education, and season of enrollment (ORϭ0.37; 95% confidence intervalϭ0.25 to 0.55). The protective effect of physical activity was detected in both younger and older groups, in men and women, and in whites, blacks, and Hispanics. A dose-response relationship was shown for both intensity (light-moderate activity ORϭ0.39; heavy ORϭ0.23) and duration (Ͻ2 h/wk ORϭ0.42; 2 to Ͻ5 h/wk ORϭ0.35; Ն5 h/wk ORϭ0.31) of physical activity. Conclusions-Leisure-time physical activity was related to a decreased occurrence of ischemic stroke in our elderly, multiethnic, urban subjects. More emphasis on physical activity in stroke prevention campaigns is needed among the elderly. (Stroke. 1998;29:380-387.)

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Section: Index Evaluation Of Case and Control Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Ischemic Stroke Risk

Sacco

Gan

Boden‐Albala

et al. 1998

Stroke

339

239

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“…The death of a spouse is rated as among the most stressful life event that humans experience (Amster & Krauss, 1974;Holmes & Rahe, 1967), and yet, it is a common occurrence in the lives of midlife and older women. Almost one half of women over the age of 65 years are widowed (Fields & Casper, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of widowhood on physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes: The Women's Health Initiative.

Wilcox¹,

Evenson²,

Aragaki³

et al. 2003

Health Psychology

232

158

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This study examined whether widowhood was associated with physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes using a cross-sectional (N ϭ 72,247) and prospective (N ϭ 55,724) design in women aged 50 -79 years participating in the Women's Health Initiative observational study (85.4% White). At baseline, married women reported better physical and mental health and generally better health behaviors than widowed women. Whereas women who remained married over the 3-year period showed stability in mental health, recent widows experienced marked impairments and longer term widows showed stability or slight improvements. Both groups of widows reported more unintentional weight loss over the 3-year period. Changes in physical health and health behaviors were inconsistent, with generally small effect sizes. Findings underscore the resilience of older women and their capacity to reestablish connections, but point to the need for services that strengthen social support among women who have difficulty during this transition.

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“…As shown in Table 1, compared with older men, a greater proportion of older women were widows. Older women, who had lost their spouse, had in fact experienced the most stressful event one has to endure in life (16,17). This event is detrimental to both physical and psychological wellbeing (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Health of Older Women in Hong Kong: Do Demographic Characteristics Make a Difference?

Boey

2017

Women Health Bull

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Background: The aging population of Hong Kong is rapidly growing. Although older adults enjoy a relatively long life expectancy, their psychological health is ranked near the bottom in the world. Objectives: This study assessed the psychological health of older women in Hong Kong and compared it with that of older men. It also aimed to examine if demographic characteristics have similar effects on the psychological health of older women and men. Methods: A standardized questionnaire was administered in face-to-face interviews with 554 participants (288 women and 266 men), aged 70 years or above. Psychological health was measured by the general health questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30), center for epidemiologic studies-depression (CES-D) scale, and life satisfaction index (LSI). Chi square test was performed to examine gender differences in psychological health and determine the relationship between demographic characteristics and psychological health of the elderly. Results: Compared with older men, a greater proportion of older women were at risk of mild psychiatric problems (22.1% vs. 12.3%, P < 0.001), depression (38.6 vs. 18.8%, P < 0.001), and dissatisfaction with life (38.5% vs. 21.5%, P = 0.002). The correlation of psychological health with age, marital status, and educational attainment was not similar among older women and men. Conclusions: Health promotion programs should be implemented to reduce health inequalities among men and women. Effectiveness of programs can be enhanced by targeting the elderly whose psychological health is most vulnerable.

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The Relationship between Life Crises and Mental Deterioration in Old Age

Cited by 104 publications

References 2 publications

Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Ischemic Stroke Risk

Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Ischemic Stroke Risk

The effects of widowhood on physical and mental health, health behaviors, and health outcomes: The Women's Health Initiative.

Psychological Health of Older Women in Hong Kong: Do Demographic Characteristics Make a Difference?

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