The Relationship Between Maternal Periodontal Status of and Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants in Iran: A Case Control Study

Abstract

Aim and Background:It has been suggested that periodontitis is associated with systemic alterations such as adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, some conflicting results have been reported. This study was conducted to determine the association between periodontitis and preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW) to obtain information which is necessary for the planning of preventive programs of periodontal disease for pregnant women in this area.Materials & Methods:This case-control study was performed on 264 mothers. The index used to determine oral hygiene and periodontal diseases is Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs (CPITN).Results:The mothers in the sample group with single delivery delivered 8 times low birth weight infants more than the mothers in the control group with single delivery. And also the mothers in the sample group with multiple deliveries; delivered 10 times low birth weight infants and 8 times premature infant more than the mothers in the control group.Conclusion:More studies should be carried out in through preventing and treating periodontal diseases, expenses incurred due to preterm labor and low birth weight decrease and the society will witness fewer mental problems suffered by such children as they grow up. So we can emphasize the importance of periodontal care in prenatal health programs. And we may suggest that a special program of periodontal disease prevention for pregnant women is very necessary.

Potential Common Key Genes Associated with Chronic Periodontitis and Low Birth Weight: A Case Control Study Using Bioinformatics Analysis of Pooled mRNA Expression Datasets

“…The association between CP and LBW was rst reported by Offenbacher et al [1]. Many epidemiological studies have reported that pregnant women with CP are several times more likely than women without CP to have a preterm LBW infant [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Additionally, some studies have found that treatment for periodontitis is effective for preventing LBW [45][46][47][48].…”

“…The pathogenic bacterium of CP and chemical mediators produced by in ammation in gingiva were considered to penetrate into weak capillary blood vessels, and then to cord blood through the placenta [2][3][4]. Some researchers have reported that CP in uences the development of LBW [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], whereas others have denied such an association [23][24][25][26][27]. Therefore, no consensus has been reached on the association between CP and LBW [28][29][30][31], and more studies are needed to address this issue.…”

A Health Belief Model-Based Instrument for Assessing Factors Affecting Oral Health Behavior During Pregnancy

“…Poor oral health in pregnant women has shown associations with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (4,5), and increases the chance of dental caries in their children (6). Pregnant women's regular tooth brushing and dental attendances are reported to be undesirable worldwide (7)(8)(9).…”

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Maternal Periodontal Health

“…1 It is estimated that the majority of pregnant women experience gingivitis resulting from pregnancy-related hormonal changes. 3,13,28 Various studies have identified a large range regarding the prevalence of pregnancy gingivitis, from 36% in one study to 100% in another. 3,13,28 Differences in study design and demographics of study participants may account for these considerable variations.…”

“…3,13,28 Various studies have identified a large range regarding the prevalence of pregnancy gingivitis, from 36% in one study to 100% in another. 3,13,28 Differences in study design and demographics of study participants may account for these considerable variations. Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissues, is the advanced stage of gingival disease, involving inflammation and destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth.…”