The relationship between mental health disorders and treatment outcomes among adults who stutter

Iverach, Lisa; Jones, Mark; O’Brian, Sue; Block, Susan; Lincoln, Michelle; Harrison, Elisabeth; Hewat, Sally; Cream, Angela; Menzies, Ross G.; Packman, Ann; Onslow, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2009.02.002

Cited by 126 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It is reasonable to assume then that if left untreated for their SP symptoms, they will remain high at risk of increased anxiety and lowered quality of life. [11,15] Presently, it is a concern that treatment designed to lower stuttering may not significantly remove SP symptoms and treatment designed to lower SP may not significantly reduce stuttering severity. [10] Clearly, improved diagnostic decisions in this area may help improve treatment efficacy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13] Similar to SP, many AWS experience extreme social embarrassment and fear scrutiny in a broad range of social contexts, [14] and stuttering has been found to have a negative influence on social, emotional, and mental health, with a similar negative impact in these domains as diabetes and coronary heart disease. [11] Iverach et al [15] showed that AWS had a high risk of having a co-morbid psychological disorder which was linked to less successful long-term treatment outcomes for stuttering, and stuttering has recently been found to have an elevated risk for personality disorder. [16] Research has found that stuttering is most likely associated with elevated levels of anxiety.…”

Section: Socialanxietydisorderorsocialphobia(sp)isadisorderinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social anxiety disorder in adults who stutter

2010

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Background: The nature and prevalence of social anxiety disorder (social phobia (SP)) in people who stutter is uncertain, and DSM-IV differential diagnosis guidelines make it difficult to classify an adult who stutters (AWS) with SP as it is assumed any social anxiety symptoms will be a consequence of their stuttering. The aim of this study was to determine the spot prevalence of SP in AWS and to investigate differences in social anxiety between AWS and controls who do not stutter. Methods: The study involved a comprehensive assessment of 200 AWS and 200 adults who do not stutter similar in age and sex ratio. Measures included stuttering severity, health status, self-report measures of social anxiety as well as a structured diagnostic interview for SP for randomly selected sub-group of 50 from each group. Results: The AWS were found to have significantly raised trait and social anxiety, as well as significantly increased risk of SP in comparison to the controls. Findings indicated a SP spot prevalence of at least 40% in AWS, and for them to be at high risk of having Generalized SP. Conclusions: It is concluded that the DSM-IV diagnostic guidelines for diagnosing SP in AWS could result in professional confusion and have possible negative mental health ramifications. Implications for the psychological and medical treatment of AWS are discussed. Depression and Anxiety 27:687-692, 2010.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Socialanxietydisorderorsocialphobia(sp)isadisorderinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social anxiety disorder in adults who stutter

2010

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“…Early intervention to address these difficulties soon after they appear can potentially reduce the impact on the individual and the financial cost to health services (Kieling et al, 2011), but planning the relevant service provision requires identification of the point at which difficulties emerge. In addition, for people who stutter, speech treatment may be more successful if psychological issues have first been addressed (Craig & Hancock, 1995;Iverach et al, 2009a), so the timing of interventions for psychological issues relative to speech treatment is particularly important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural, emotional and social development of children who stutter

McAllister

2016

Journal of Fluency Disorders

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Purpose: Developmental stuttering may be associated with diminished psychological wellbeing which has been documented from late childhood onwards. It is important to establish the point at which behavioural, emotional and social problems emerge in children who stutter. Methods:The study used data from the Millennium Cohort Study, whose initial cohort comprised 18,818 children. Analysis involved data collected when the cohort members were 3, 5 and 11 years old. The association between parent-reported stuttering and performance on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was determined in regression analyses which controlled for cohort members' sex, verbal and non-verbal abilities, maternal education, and family economic status. Results:Compared with typically-developing children, those who stuttered had significantly higher Total Difficulties scores at all three ages; in addition, scores on all of the sub-scales for 5-year-olds who stuttered indicated poorer development than their peers, and 11-year-olds who stuttered had poorer development than peers in all areas except prosocial skills. At ages 5 and 11, those who stuttered were more likely than peers to have scores indicating cause for clinical concern in almost all areas. Conclusion:Children who stutter may begin to show impaired behavioural, emotional and social development as early as age 3, and these difficulties are well established in older children who stutter. Parents and practitioners need to be aware of the possibility of these difficulties and intervention needs to be provided in a timely fashion to such difficulties in childhood and to prevent the potential development of serious mental health difficulties later in life.

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“…Compared to controls, clinical populations of stuttering adults have been found to have a significantly heightened risk of social phobia (Blumgart, Tran, & Craig, 2010;Iverach et al, 2009a;Stein, Baird, & Walker, 1996). Social phobia is defined as "marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others" (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, p. 416).…”

Section: Stuttering and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%