The Relationship Between Milk Yield and the Incidence of Some Diseases in Dairy Cows

Fleischer, P.; Metzner, Moritz; Beyerbach, Martin; Hoedemaker, Martina; Klee, Wolfgang

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(01)74646-2

Cited by 167 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although these interconnections have not yet been fully researched, there are indications that the immune system of experimental cows reacts to noxes with slower T-cell responses during insufficient energy supply (Fox et al, 2005). Examinations have also discovered a positive co-relation of milk yield and certain diseases, such as mastitis, metritis, retentio secundinarium, claw diseases, hypocalcaemia and ovarian cysts (Fleischer et al, 2001). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of continuous milking during a field trial on productivity, milk protein yield and health in dairy cows

Köpf

Gellrich

Küchenhoff

et al. 2014

animal

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The objective of this field study with an automatic milking system was to evaluate the effects of omitting the dry period on health and productivity during the subsequent lactation in dairy cows. A total of 98 German Simmental cows of six Southern German farms were assigned randomly to two experimental groups: The first group was dried-off 56 days before calving (D for dried-off, n = 49), and the second group was milked continuously during this period until calving (CM for continuous milking, n = 49). From the latter a third group emerged, including cows that dried-off themselves spontaneously (DS for dried-off spontaneously, n = 14). Blood serum values of glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and IGF-1 showed most pronounced fluctuations in D cows. Over the entire study period, the concentrations of BHBA and NEFA were markedly lower in the CM and DS groups. Furthermore, IGF-1 concentration was lowest for D cows and also decrease in back fat thickness was more pronounced. Mean concentration of milk protein was markedly higher in CM and DS cows (3.70% and 3.71%) compared with D cows (3.38%). Owing to the lower 305-day milk yield (−15.6%) and the lower total milk yield (−3.1%), the total amount of produced protein in the subsequent lactation was 2.5% (6.8 kg) lower, although the additional protein amount in CM cows from week −8 to calving was 35.7 kg. The greatest benefit resulted from positive effects on fertility and the lower incidence of diseases: CM cows had their first oestrus 1 week earlier compared with D cows, they also conceived earlier and showed a significantly lower risk of developing hypocalcaemia, ketosis and puerperal disorders. The present study showed that the costs of medical treatment and milk losses were twice as high in D cows, compared with CM and DS cows, and thus the reduced costs because of the more stable health outweighed the financial losses of milk yield by + 18.49 € per cow and lactation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of continuous milking during a field trial on productivity, milk protein yield and health in dairy cows

Köpf

Gellrich

Küchenhoff

et al. 2014

animal

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“…Involuntary culling of high-producing cows increases as the production system intensifies (3 -5) . High milk yield is positively related to disease incidence (6) , and negative genetic correlations have been calculated between milk production traits and disease resistance (7) . Nevertheless, these correlations are not necessarily causal because the intensification of dairy production includes many potential confounding factors, such as increased herd sizes and changes in farm management and feeding practices.…”

Section: Teleological Background Of Milk Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel model to explain dietary factors affecting hypocalcaemia in dairy cattle

Martín-Tereso

Verstegen

2011

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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Most dairy cows exhibit different degrees of hypocalcaemia around calving because the gestational Ca requirements shift to the disproportionately high Ca requirements of lactation. Ca homeostasis is a robust system that effectively adapts to changes in Ca demand or supply. However, these adaptations often are not rapid enough to avoid hypocalcaemia. A delay in the reconfiguration of intestinal Ca absorption and bone resorption is probably the underlying cause of this transient hypocalcaemia. Several dietary factors that affect different aspects of Ca metabolism are known to reduce the incidence of milk fever. The present review describes the interactions between nutrition and Ca homeostasis using observations from cattle and extrapolations from other species and aims to quantitatively model the effects of the nutritional approaches that are used to induce dry cows into an early adaptation of Ca metabolism. The present model suggests that reducing dietary cation -anion difference (DCAD) increases Ca clearance from the blood by dietary induction of systemic acidosis, which results in hypercalciuria due to the loss of function of the renal Ca transient receptor potential vanilloid channel TRPV5. Alternatively, reducing the gastrointestinal availability of Ca by reducing dietary Ca or its nutritional availability will also induce the activation of Ca metabolism to compensate for basal blood Ca clearance. Our model of gastrointestinal Ca availability as well as blood Ca clearance in the transition dairy cow allowed us to conclude that the most common dietary strategies for milk fever prevention may have analogous modes of action that are based on the principle of metabolic adaptation before calving.

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“…A Seleção genética para CCS ou MC, têm herdabilidade baixa a moderada, tornando o progresso genético relativamente lento comparado a seleção para produção de leite, uma característica altamente herdável (Nash et al, 2003), mas leva a um aumento da prevalência da doença na população devido a uma correlação genética positiva entre produção de leite e mastite (Fleischer et al, 2001). Sendo assim, é importante estabelecer paralelamente critérios de seleção que aumentem a produção de leite e a resistência à mastite, além de melhoria do ambiente.…”

Section: Aumento Da Resistência Dos Patógenos àS Drogasunclassified

Melhoramento genético visando à resistência a mastite em bovinos leiteiros

et al. 2014

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ADDITIONAL KEYWORDSImmunity. Genetic parameters. RESUMOCom essa revisão, objetivou-se traçar a trajetória dos estudos sobre as características físicas, ambientais e genéticas de resistência à mastite. Uma característica complexa e multifatorial pode ser adquirida por traumas físicos, alterações fisiológicas e metabólicas, microrganismos patogênicos ambientais ou contagiosos e por componentes genéticos envolvidos na resposta imune. As maiores perdas estão relacionadas à diminuição da produção e qualidade do leite, menores ganhos genéticos anuais e baixa intensidade de seleção, sendo citada como a principal doença da bovinocultura leiteira.Diante disso, novos critérios de seleção foram estabelecidos para aumentar a produção de leite e a resistência à mastite, além da melhoria do ambiente. Estudos genômicos têm sido recomendados quando há dificuldade na coleta de dados fenotípicos e a herdabilidade da característica avaliada é baixa.Além do mais, eles são utilizados como ferramenta auxiliar ao melhoramento genético clássico para aumentar a resistência genética a doenças e desenvolver soluções tecnológicas inovadoras. Muitos trabalhos foram realizados para identificar e estudar genes candidatos envolvidos na resposta de resistência à mastite que estão correlacionadas com lócus de características quantitativas (QTL -Quantitative Trait Loci) em programas de seleção assistida por marcadores moleculares. Isto permite a seleção mais rápida e precisa de bovinos pelo seu valor genético genômico, estimado a partir de equações de predição, tornando o melhoramento genético um componente de uma estratégia de longo prazo para o aumento da resistência à mastite e melhoria da qualidade do leite.

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The Relationship Between Milk Yield and the Incidence of Some Diseases in Dairy Cows

Cited by 167 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of continuous milking during a field trial on productivity, milk protein yield and health in dairy cows

Effects of continuous milking during a field trial on productivity, milk protein yield and health in dairy cows

A novel model to explain dietary factors affecting hypocalcaemia in dairy cattle

Melhoramento genético visando à resistência a mastite em bovinos leiteiros

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