The Relationship between Muscle Function and Ankle Stability

Lentell, Gary; Katzman, Linda L.; Walters, Mark R.

doi:10.1080/1355297x.1992.11719696

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Comparison between the open and closed eyes positions yielded the following significant differences (P < 0.05): for the uninjured limb, the F value was 12.26 in the mediolateral direction and 8.94 in the anteroposterior directions; for the affected limb, the F value was 29.73 in the mediolateral directions and 15.07 in the anteroposterior directions. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Is balance impaired by recurrent sprained ankle?

Isakov

Mizrahi

1997

Br J Sports Med

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Objective-To evaluate uninjured and recurrent sprained ankles during single leg standing, both with and without visual input, and the contribution ofrelated proprioceptive feedback in this event.Methods-A force measuring system was used for monitoring reaction forces in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions during single leg standing. Differences between selected variables obtained in the uninjured and sprained ankles were analysed using two way analysis ofvariance. Results-Foot-ground Two different theories have been suggested to explain recurrent ankle sprains.'01 The first is the functional instability theory, which assumes that the afferent nerve fibres in the capsule, ligaments, and muscles subserve reflexes that help to stabilise the ankle. The second is the mechanical instability theory, which assumes that instability is due to a loss of integrity in the supporting ligaments of the ankle complex. The result is a pathological anterior drawer sign.' However, no consistent relation has been found between functional and mechanical instability. Assuming that ankle stability depends on intact peripheral afferent proprioceptive input,812 the reaction time of the peroneal muscles to a sudden inversion tilt in recurrently sprained and in normal ankles was measured. The results indicated that the reaction time of these muscles in the injured ankle was significantly slower. These findings were disputed by others"3 who conducted a similar measurement procedure and found an almost equal reaction time in both peroneal muscles.The ability to maintain balance during standing on a single leg or both legs depends on the integrity of the visual, vestibular, and nervous systems. In the presence of an intact vestibular system, standing with eyes closed depends mostly on the normal function of the various proprioceptive receptors.4 14 An inversion ankle sprain that results in injury to the proprioreceptors of capsule and ligaments may impair standing balance on the affected limb, especially when eyes are closed.8"'.4Several research methods are used to assess ankle proprioception during upright standing. All subjects, with right lower limb dominance, reported a past history of at least three inversion injuries to one ankle only, which required protected weightbearing and immobilisation. A manual evaluation for anteroposterior stability of each ankle was performed. In all eight affected ankles, the anterior drawer sign was positive, as shown by the greater forward excursion of the injured compared to the uninjured foot. Four suffered right ankle sprains; four left ankle recurrent sprains. The sprains were never accompanied by a fracture of the ankle osseous elements. During the four months before testing, all subjects were fully weightbearing, pain-free, and the functional use of the ankle was unimpaired. EQUIPMENTPostural sway was evaluated by means of a force measuring system, which consisted of a force plate (Kistler Z-4305, Winterthur, Switzerland). The foot-ground reaction forces in the anteroposterior ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Is balance impaired by recurrent sprained ankle?

Isakov

Mizrahi

1997

Br J Sports Med

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“…Strength deficits of the main ankle stabilisers have been thought to predispose individuals to weakness and recurrent injuries. Early reports provided support by demonstrating strength deficits in the surrounding ankle musculature,32 87 88 though some researchers have failed to identify strength deficits in patients with CAI 24 89. This inconsistency among the literature suggests that strength deficits may not be an important factor in the development of self-reported function in patients with CAI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic interventions for improving self-reported function in patients with chronic ankle instability: a systematic review

et al. 2016

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“…Ligamentous injury typically occurs when the peroneal muscles are called upon to work eccentrically in response to high velocity movements. 20 However, at the higher velocity of 240°/s which is functionally relevant, the ability of the evertor muscles to work eccentrically was reduced, causing functional muscle activity around the ankle to be impaired under eccentric and high velocity conditions. This study supports the idea of a contraction mode dependent order of muscle strength and the magnitude of the moments generated in both contraction modes being velocity dependent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eccentric/concentric ratios at selected velocities for the invertor and evertor muscles of the chronically unstable ankle.

1999

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Objective-The use of muscle balancing by the clinician to determine return to activity or discharge of a patient is not a well understood measure. Because of the lack of information on the poorly understood concept of eccentric/concentric (E/C) ratios at the ankle, the purpose was to determine the E/C ratios for the invertor and evertor muscles at various velocities in healthy and chronically unstable ankles. Methods-Ten subjects with healthy ankles and 14 with chronically unstable ankles performed five maximal eVort reciprocal eccentric/contraction contractions on an isokinetic dynamometer at four velocities (60, 120, 180, and 240°/s) and for each physiological movement of inversion and eversion. Data were analysed using a two way mixed model analysis of variance with repeated measures, with Tukey's test used for post hoc analysis. Results-Although the chronically unstable ankle was significantly weaker (p<0.05) eccentrically and concentrically for inversion and eversion, the main eVect of the E/C ratios for the ankle was not significant for either joint motion. The main eVect of velocity was significant (p<0.05) for each joint motion, but no significant interaction eVects were observed. As velocity increased, the E/C ratio increased, except at 180 and 240°/s for either ankle group. Conclusions-Chronic ankle instability and muscle weakness co-exist. Adequate E/C ratios in the chronically unstable ankle may exist in the absence of normal strength values. (Br J Sports Med 1999;33:255-258)

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The Relationship between Muscle Function and Ankle Stability

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Is balance impaired by recurrent sprained ankle?

Is balance impaired by recurrent sprained ankle?

Therapeutic interventions for improving self-reported function in patients with chronic ankle instability: a systematic review

Eccentric/concentric ratios at selected velocities for the invertor and evertor muscles of the chronically unstable ankle.

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