The relationship between perceived gender judgment and well-being among surgical residents

Salles, Arghavan; Milam, Laurel; Cohen, Geoffrey L.; Mueller, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.08.049

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Previous literature on women and surgery has identified problems combining work with motherhood, and the less favourable treatment they report experiencing in interactions and in formal and informal systems of networking, mentoring and performance evaluation Gerull et al, 2019;Lebares et al, 2018;Salles et al, 2018;Seemann et al, 2016;Wallace, 2014;Webster et al, 2016;Tsouroufli, 2018aTsouroufli, , 2018b. Our study extends this body of work by explicitly applying a 'rationality of caring' (Davies, 1995;Waerness, 1984) lens to generate new insights.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Previous quantitative research of female surgeons in the US has shown they perceive being treated differently (i.e. less favourably) than comparable men (Lebares, Braun, Guvva, Espel, & Hecht, 2018;Salles, Milam, Cohen, & Mueller, 2018;Seemann et al, 2016) and report feeling excluded and isolated, particularly in early career . There is also evidence they are evaluated less positively than men during surgical residency (Gerull, Loe, Seiler, McAllister, & Salles, 2019).…”

Section: Gender and Professionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Contradictions concerning care: Female surgeons' accounts of the repression and resurfacing of care in their profession

Ainsworth

Flanagan

2019

Gender Work & Organization

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Surgery is a high-status, distinctly embodied, profession, dominated by men and saturated with masculine ideals of individual heroism, manual skill and detachment. In this study, we focus on exploring how surgery both represses, but also requires, caring work, creating gendered contradictions for the women that enter its ranks. Based on interviews with eighteen female surgeons from Australia and New Zealand, we apply a 'rationality of caring work' lens to explore how they experienced these contradictions through training, socialization and in everyday interactions. Our findings show inter-related mechanisms whereby female surgeons are required to become more independent and self-reliant than comparable men, but also make up for the systemic lack of care shown to junior staff and students. In particular, their pregnancy and motherhood challenge the ideal of the detached, independent, heroic agent. We conclude by discussing how a 'rationality of caring' lens could help unpack the gendered contradictions women experience in other elite professions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Gender and Professionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Contradictions concerning care: Female surgeons' accounts of the repression and resurfacing of care in their profession

Ainsworth

Flanagan

2019

Gender Work & Organization

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“…This survey, conducted through the ASGBI social media platforms, illuminates the lived realities of female surgeons in the UK today. Gender bias and discrimination were reported by 59% of the participants irrespective of level of training and experience, suggesting an ancient culture pervading our society since the 1800s, at the time of the first female surgeon in the UK, Elizabeth Garrett 13 14…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A woman’s place is in theatre: women’s perceptions and experiences of working in surgery from the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland women in surgery working group

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveSurgery remains an inherently male-dominated profession. The aim of this study was to survey women working within the discipline, to understand their current perceptions, providing insight into their practical day-to-day lives, supporting an action-oriented change.Design and settingThe link to a confidential, online survey was distributed through the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland (ASGBI) social media platforms on Facebook and Twitter over a 2-week period in October 2017.ParticipantsWomen working in surgical specialties and actively responding to the link shared through the ASGBI social media platforms. No patients were involved in the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresData were analysed through a mixed-methods approach. The quantitative data were analysed through descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis was undertaken using a constant comparative analysis of the participants’ comments, to identify salient patterns (themes).ResultsA total of 81 female participants replied (42% response rate based on the Facebook group members), with 88% (n=71) perceiving surgery as a male-dominated field. Over half had experienced discrimination (59%, n=47), while 22% (n=18) perceived a ‘glass ceiling’ in surgical training. Orthopaedics was reported as the most sexist surgical specialty by 53% (n=43). Accounts of gendered language in the workplace were reported by 59% (n=47), with 32% (n=25) of surveys participants having used it. Overall, a lack of formal mentorship, inflexibility towards part-time careers, gender stereotypes and poor work–life balance were the main perceived barriers for women in surgical careers.ConclusionThese findings highlight the implicit nature of the perceived discrimination that women report in their surgical careers. The ASGBI acknowledges these perceptual issues and relative implications as the first of many steps to create an action-oriented change by allowing all staff, regardless of gender, to reflect on their own behaviour, perceptions and the culture in which they work.

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“…A number of studies have postulated that early outreach and recruitment may be key to increasing representation of female and minorities in underrepresented fields such as orthopaedic surgery 15 , 37 , 41 , 44 - 46 . Female and URM faculty may provide such outreach to medical students 41 or residents 28 with positive results in female or URM representation among residents, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty

et al. 2020

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Background: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons has adopted the strategic goal of evolving its culture and governance to become more strategic, innovative, and diverse. Given the charge to increase diversity, a focus on assessing and increasing diversity at the faculty level may help this cause. However, an analysis of gender and racial diversity among orthopaedic faculty has not been performed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate faculty appointments for underrepresented minority (URM) and female orthopaedic surgeons. We also aim to draw comparisons between orthopaedic surgery and other specialties. Methods: Data on gender, race, and faculty rank (clinical instructor, assistant professor, associate professor, and professor) of academic faculty for 18 specialties from 1997 to 2017 were obtained from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Faculty Roster. Assistant professors were designated as junior faculty, whereas associate professor and professor were considered senior faculty. URMs were defined using the AAMC definition—groups having lower representation than in the general population. Regression analysis was used to evaluate and compare the change over time and to compare the change across different specialties. Results: Over the 20-year study period, the number of female faculty increased (8.8% pts) but represents a lower proportion than other specialties (13.9% pts) (p = 0.029). Female orthopaedic senior faculty grew slower (7.3% pts) than other specialties (14.7% pts) (p < 0.001). There was no difference in the growth of URM faculty positions (2.0% pts) compared with all other specialties (2.4% pts) (p = 0.165). The proportion of orthopaedic URM senior faculty increased less (0.5% pts) than other specialties (2.5% pts) (p < 0.001), whereas more orthopaedic URM junior faculty were added than other specialties (2.2% pts) (p = 0.012). Conclusions: Although orthopaedic surgery has increased the representation of female and URM faculty members, it continues to lag behind other specialties. In addition, fewer female and URM orthopaedic faculty members obtained senior faculty status than other specialties. To address the differences seen in faculty diversity, a concerted effort should be made to recruit and promote more diverse faculty, given similar qualifications and capabilities. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level IV .

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The relationship between perceived gender judgment and well-being among surgical residents

Cited by 30 publications

References 38 publications

Contradictions concerning care: Female surgeons' accounts of the repression and resurfacing of care in their profession

Contradictions concerning care: Female surgeons' accounts of the repression and resurfacing of care in their profession

A woman’s place is in theatre: women’s perceptions and experiences of working in surgery from the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland women in surgery working group

Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty

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