The Relationship Between Physical Frailty and Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A Systematic Review

Borges, Marcus Kiiti; Cezar, Natália Oiring de Castro; Siqueira, Adriano Felipe Perez; Yassuda, Mônica Sanches; Cesari, Matteo; Aprahamian, Ivan

doi:10.14283/jfa.2019.29

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Several shreds of evidence demonstrated that frailty and cognitive impairment are intrinsically related, since frailty is known to increase risk of cognitive decline, and cognitive decline may increase risk of frailty and have an impact on the trajectory of frailty (as recent reviews see Kiiti Borges et al, 2019 ; Welstead et al, 2020 ; Bu et al, 2021 ). The concept of simultaneous presence of frailty and cognitive impairment or cognitive frailty was initially proposed in 2013 by the International Institute of Nutrition and Aging and the International Geriatrics Association (IANA), defined by the presence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, and exclusion of concurrent dementia ( Kelaiditi et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Cognitive Frailty: the Potential Role Of Mirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frailty is a clinical syndrome with different definitions, generally referred as a state of increased vulnerability to stressors that results from a decreased physiological reserve in multiple organs and systems, leading to a limited capacity to meet homeostatic demands ( Clegg et al, 2013 ; Proietti and Cesari, 2020 ). Although frailty and cognitive impairment could be considered as distinct clinical states, converging evidence has shown a close epidemiological association between these conditions ( Halil et al, 2015 ; Kiiti Borges et al, 2019 ; Miyamura et al, 2019 ). This led to the generation of the term “cognitive frailty,” defined as a heterogeneous clinical condition characterized by the concomitant presence of both physical frailty and cognitive impairment ( Kelaiditi et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential Role of miRNAs in Cognitive Frailty

Carini

Musazzi

Bolzetta³

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Frailty is an aging related condition, which has been defined as a state of enhanced vulnerability to stressors, leading to a limited capacity to meet homeostatic demands. Cognitive impairment is also frequent in older people, often accompanying frailty. Age is the main independent risk factor for both frailty and cognitive impairment, and compelling evidence suggests that similar age-associated mechanisms could underlie both clinical conditions. Accordingly, it has been suggested that frailty and cognitive impairment share common pathways, and some authors proposed “cognitive frailty” as a single complex phenotype. Nevertheless, so far, no clear common underlying pathways have been discovered for both conditions. microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key fine-tuning regulators in most physiological processes, as well as pathological conditions. Importantly, miRNAs have been proposed as both peripheral biomarkers and potential molecular factors involved in physiological and pathological aging. In this review, we discuss the evidence linking changes of selected miRNAs expression with frailty and cognitive impairment. Overall, miR-92a-5p and miR-532-5p, as well as other miRNAs implicated in pathological aging, should be investigated as potential biomarkers (and putative molecular effectors) of cognitive frailty.

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Section: Cognitive Frailty: the Potential Role Of Mirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Role of miRNAs in Cognitive Frailty

Carini

Musazzi

Bolzetta³

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Age-related cognitive decline is a robust predictor of mortality in older people, even when it does not progress to dementia [ 4 ]. Cognitive impairment has also been associated with an increased likelihood of adverse outcomes, including frailty [ 5 ], serious fall-related injury [ 6 ] and disability [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Associations between Functional Capacity, Cognitive Function and Well-Being in Older Adults

Stavrinou

Aphamis

Pantzaris

et al. 2022

Life

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Background: The present study aimed to explore the associations between functional capacity and global cognition, executive function and well-being in older adults. Methods: Ninety-seven older adults (age 80.6 ± 8.2 years) were examined for global cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination), executive function (symbol cancellation test), functional capacity (sit-to-stand tests, 6 min walk test, timed up-and-go test and handgrip strength test) and well-being (quality of life, fatigue levels, sleep quality and daily sleepiness). Adjusted partial correlations were computed to examine the associations between variables. Mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate whether functional capacity would mediate the relationships between age and cognitive or executive function. Results: Greater levels of functional capacity were associated with better performance in cognitive and executive function tests (p < 0.05). Mediation analyses revealed that functional capacity partially mediated the effects of age on global cognition and executive function (indirect effect: β = −0.11, 95% CI = −0.20 to −0.03; β = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.57, respectively). Increased levels of functional capacity were also associated with higher quality of life (p < 0.05, r = 0.32 to 0.41), lower fatigue levels (p < 0.05, r = 0.23 to 0.37), and better sleep quality (p < 0.05, r = 0.23 to 0.24). Conclusions: Functional capacity can mediate the effects of age on global cognition and executive function in older adults and greater levels of functional capacity are associated with improved quality of life, better sleep quality, and lower fatigue levels.

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“…A large number of studies have verified that older adults with PF perform worse on global cognition ( 13 , 14 ) and are more likely to experience cognitive decline( 15 – 19 ) and cognitive impairment ( 20 – 22 ). In addition, there is also evidence that cognitive function can also have an impact on frailty in older people ( 23 – 25 ). However, few studies have explored the specific mechanisms of frailty and cognitive function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of vitamin D in the link between physical frailty and cognitive function: A mediation analysis in community-dwelling Chinese older adults

Xiong

Xue²

2022

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundPhysical frailty and cognitive aging have important influences on poor clinical outcomes in older adults. Many studies have investigated the association between frailty and cognitive function, but whether vitamin D mediates the association between frailty and cognitive function is unclear. We explored the mediating role of vitamin D on the cross-sectional association between physical frailty and cognitive function using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).MethodsWe analyzed data from 1944 subjects aged 60 years and older from the 2011 CLHLS cohort. Frailty status was identified by the Osteoporotic Fracture Study (SOF) index. The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between frailty, vitamin D, and cognition, adjusted for a range of covariates. Mediation analyses tested the indirect effects of vitamin D on physical frailty and cognitive function.ResultPhysical frailty was negatively associated with vitamin D levels and scores on the MMSE, and vitamin D levels were positively associated with scores on the MMSE. Linear regression analysis showed that physical frailty and serum vitamin D concentration were significant predictors of cognitive function. Importantly, mediation analysis showed that serum vitamin D concentration significantly mediated the relationship between physical frailty and cognitive function.ConclusionThe association between physical frailty and cognitive function appears to be mediated by vitamin D. Future studies should explore whether serum vitamin D concentrations may mediate the association between physical frailty and cognitive decline and whether this mediating role is moderated by other factors.

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The Relationship Between Physical Frailty and Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A Systematic Review

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

The Potential Role of miRNAs in Cognitive Frailty

The Potential Role of miRNAs in Cognitive Frailty

Exploring the Associations between Functional Capacity, Cognitive Function and Well-Being in Older Adults

The role of vitamin D in the link between physical frailty and cognitive function: A mediation analysis in community-dwelling Chinese older adults

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