The relationship between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and the course of disease in COVID-19 patients

Baltan, Ecem; Serin, Erdinç; Avci, Burak Yasin; Akıllı, Işıl Kibar; Çınar, Ayşe Surhan

doi:10.1515/tjb-2022-0044

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…The first stage of our research was to analyze the activity and level of plasminogen as the main component of the fibrinolytic response. A decrease in potential plasminogen activity may lead to thrombosis during viral/bacterial infections, and COVID-19 is no exception [20]. Our results describe the changes in plasminogen level/activity between donor groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

A study of fibrinolytic system components in donor groups depending on various titers of circulating anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in the bloodstream

Rachkovska

Krenytska

Karbovskyy

et al. 2023

Blood Coagulation &Amp; Fibrinolysis

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The fibrinolytic system plays an important role in controlling blood coagulation at each stage, from thrombin generation to fibrin clot cleavage. Currently, long-term multiorgan dysfunction post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may include coagulation disorders. Little information is available about the potential causes of post-COVID-19 coagulopathy, but one of them may be subpopulation IgG produced by the immune system against SARS-CoV-2. This article describes the changes in the main parameters of the fibrinolytic system in donors with various titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, which is part of a complex study of the hemostasis system in these donor groups. We determined the most significant parameters of the fibrinolytic system, such as potential activity and amount of plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), amount of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), inhibitory potentials of α-2-antiplasmin, α-1-antitrypsin, α-2-macroglobulin in the blood plasma of donor groups. The obtained results represent the maximum and minimum values of measurement parameters among donor groups with titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG at least 10 ± 3 Index (S/C), and their statistical differences from the reference point [donor group with titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG 0 Index (S/C)]. We established the changes in fibrinolytic parameters depending on the titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. One conclusion can be drawn from this: anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG population may influence coagulation in the post-COVID-19 period. Further research in-vitro and in-vivo experimental models using selected and purified IgG may confirm our previous findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

A study of fibrinolytic system components in donor groups depending on various titers of circulating anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in the bloodstream

Rachkovska

Krenytska

Karbovskyy

et al. 2023

Blood Coagulation &Amp; Fibrinolysis

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The Relationship between Plasminogen Activator Inhibitors and the Severity of COVID-19

Troeman,

Aman,

Nasution

2024

Indonesian J. Clin. Pathol. Med. Lab.

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The fibrinolysis process is assisted by plasminogen activators and inhibitors by converting plasminogen into plasmin, which later will promote the fibrinolysis process. Incomplete fibrinolysis increases the risk of thrombosis in patients with COVID-19. Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI-1) plays an important role as acute phase reactants to be used as a marker to assess the prognosis and mortality of COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to elaborate on whether fibrinolysis shutdown occurs in COVID-19 patients using PAI-1 as a marker of fibrinolysis. This was a cross-sectional analytical study from November 2022 to May 2023. This research consisted of a total of 39 patients with COVID-19, hospitalized at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. PAI-test in COVID-19 patients was carried out with the ELISA method using Chemwell Analyzer. The severity of COVID-19 measured by clinical examination was divided into moderate, severe, and critical. The association between the two variables was subjected to a comparative test followed by a correlation test to explore the association between the two variables with an independent T-test. In this study, the median PAI-1 level was 1.77 ng/mL (0.71–11.49 ng/mL). The highest PAI-1 levels were observed in the critical severity group, followed by the severe and moderate group of 8.54 ng/mL (5.76–10.84), 2.45 ng/mL (0.71–11.49), and 1.29 ng/mL (0.73–3.77), respectively. There was a significant relationship between PAI-1 levels and the severity of COVID-19 patients (p=0.003). PAI-1 cut-off value of 1.89 ng/mL may predict the degree of COVID-19 severity with sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 90.5%, and accuracy of 89.7%. This study classified the severity of COVID-19 into two categories, which are moderate (n=21) and severe-critical (n=18) to obtain the AUC value of PAI-1. PAI-1 can be used to predict the severity of COVID-19 disease with a moderate level (AUC >70–80%). This phenomenon can be secondary to enhanced platelet aggregation, inflammation micro thrombosis, and impaired fibrinolysis. Fibrinolysis disorders lead to a fibrin buildup and increased levels of PAI-1 in the circulation.

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The relationship between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels and the course of disease in COVID-19 patients

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

A study of fibrinolytic system components in donor groups depending on various titers of circulating anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in the bloodstream

A study of fibrinolytic system components in donor groups depending on various titers of circulating anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in the bloodstream

The Relationship between Plasminogen Activator Inhibitors and the Severity of COVID-19

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