The relationship between preference-based health-related quality of life and lifestyle behavior: a cross-sectional study on a community sample of adults who had undergone a health check-up

Abstract

Background Preference-based Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL) is one of the most important indicators for calculating QALY (Quality-Adjusted Life Years) in a cost-effectiveness analysis. This study aimed to collect data on healthy individuals’ HRQL based on the preferences of Japanese people who had undergone a comprehensive health check-up, and to examine the influence of relevant factors, such as blood biochemical data and lifestyle behavior. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study targeting people who had undergone a comprehensive health check-up in 2015. Participants were asked to respond to a medical interview sheet. We then examined the utility value, as well as lifestyle habits such as alcohol intake, smoking, and exercise. HRQL was examined using EQ-5D-5L. Using a multiple regression analysis, we examined the influence of related factors, such as lifestyle and biochemical test data. Results We collected 2037 responses (mean age = 54.98 years; 55.0% female). The average preference-based health-related HRQL was 0.936 ± 0.087. A total of 1167 people (57.2%) responded that they were completely healthy. The biochemical test data that were recognized to correlate with HRQL were hemoglobin, total cholesterol, creatinine, all of which were weak ( r = − 0.045–0.113). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that significant facts were: being female, age (≧70 year-old), drinking alcohol (sometimes), activity (very often), and lack of sleep. Conclusions The HRQL of participants who had undergone a comprehensive health check-up was generally high, and only declined for those over 70 years of age. It is suggested that preference-based HRQL is related to physical activity, and that decrease of activity and lack of sleep leads to a decrease in HRQL.

Estimation of Lifetime QALYs Based on Lifestyle Behaviors

“…Comparing various lifestyle behaviors and HRQL scores, the impact of alcohol consumption and smoking on HRQL was lesser compared with the impact of physical activity, exercise habits, and sleep status. These results are consistent with our previous study [ 3 ] and recent surveys [ 20 , 21 ], and are, therefore, valid. A comparison of the EQ-5D-5L scores for alcohol consumption and smoking revealed that the difference between those who said they never consumed alcohol and those who said they habitually consumed alcohol was 0.013, whereas the difference between smokers and nonsmokers was 0.016.…”

“…We obtained lifestyle and EQ-5D-5L scores based on a large web-based survey. The updated values were comparable and consistent when compared with our previous survey of health check-ups in 2015 [ 3 ]. Compared with the standard values for each age group [ 19 ], our survey method seems to be reproducible and reliable.…”

“…Choi et al [ 2 ] followed the effects of moderate or vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on quality of life among elderly women in the United Kingdom for seven years and found that regular MVPA prevented a decline in quality of life. In our study [ 3 ], which surveyed a community sample with health checkups, we demonstrated that moderate physical activity and good sleep also lead to a higher quality of life. Li et al [ 4 ] identified the following lifestyle factors affecting life expectancy in middle-aged and older adults: never smoking, body mass index of 18.5–24.9, ≥30 min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity, moderate alcohol intake, and high diet quality score (>40% for Alternative Healthy Eating Index).…”

Psychometric Properties and Cultural Adaptation of the Polish Version of the Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control Questionnaire (HLPCQ)

“…The number of health benefits that accrue due to healthy lifestyles continues to increase in number and importance. Many studies show that improvement in the above areas is essential to living in better conditions and improving quality of life [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Lifestyle interventions should also be a part of the response to COVID-19 and the prevention of future pandemics.…”

The relationship between the number of chronic diseases and health-related quality of life among middle-aged and older adults in rural areas of Yunnan province, China: moderating effect of health lifestyle

“…The recognition of the in uence of health lifestyle on both NCDs and HRQoL has seen a notable increase in attention within the health profession [16,17]. Health lifestyle is typically characterized as a repertoire of health-related behaviors that exert varying impacts on an individual's health outcomes, encompassing both health-risk behaviors (e.g., tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption) and health-promoting behaviors (e.g., obtaining adequate sleep duration) [18,19].…”