The relationship between Reineke's stand-density index and physical stem mechanics

Dean, Thomas J.; Baldwin, V. Clark

doi:10.1016/0378-1127(95)03666-0

Cited by 49 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Refinement of this model leads to the estimation of maximum density for different admixtures (habitat type) and skewness of the diameter at breast height distribution. Dean and Baldwin (1996) introduced the idea that that maximum SDI is negatively correlated with specific gravity for conifers in single-species forests, so mechanistically a site can be occupied by a maximum density of a species based on the wood properties of the species. Woodall et al (2005) extended the idea to mixed forests by using an average wood density for the mixture.…”

Section: Conversion Of Monocultures and Stand Density In Mixed-speciementioning

confidence: 99%

European Mixed Forests: definition and research perspectives

et al. 2014

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Aim of study: We aim at (i) developing a reference definition of mixed forests in order to harmonize comparative research in mixed forests and (ii) review the research perspectives in mixed forests.Area of study: The definition is developed in Europe but can be tested worldwide.Material and Methods: Review of existent definitions of mixed forests based and literature review encompassing dynamics, management and economic valuation of mixed forests.Main results: A mixed forest is defined as a forest unit, excluding linear formations, where at least two tree species coexist at any developmental stage, sharing common resources (light, water, and/or soil nutrients). The presence of each of the component species is normally quantified as a proportion of the number of stems or of basal area, although volume, biomass or canopy cover as well as proportions by occupied stand area may be used for specific objectives. A variety of structures and patterns of mixtures can occur, and the interactions between the component species and their relative proportions may change over time.The research perspectives identified are (i) species interactions and responses to hazards, (ii) the concept of maximum density in mixed forests, (iii) conversion of monocultures to mixed-species forest and (iv) economic valuation of ecosystem services provided by mixed forests.Research highlights: The definition is considered a high-level one which encompasses previous attempts to define mixed forests. Current fields of research indicate that gradient studies, experimental design approaches, and model simulations are key topics providing new research opportunities.Keywords: COST Action; EuMIXFOR; mixed-species forests; admixtures of species.

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Section: Conversion Of Monocultures and Stand Density In Mixed-speciementioning

confidence: 99%

European Mixed Forests: definition and research perspectives

et al. 2014

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“…Considering species with SDI value superior to those found in the present study, there are some examples like 1200 for Tectona grandis (KUMAR; LONG and KUMAR, 1995) and Taxodium distichum (KEIM et al, 2010), 1444 for Pinus sylvestris (del RÍO et al, 2001), 1470 for Pseudotsuga menziesii, 2050 for Abies concolor and Ponderosa pine and 2470 for Sequoia sempervirens (DEAN; BALDWIN JR., 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Several methods for selection of plots were used in studies involving the SDI, for example, relative density (DREW; FLEWELLING, 1979;MEYER et al, 2013;SOLOMON;ZHANG, 2002), subdivision of Dq or N in classes (YANG;TITUS, 2002;ZHANG et al, 2005a), beginning of the occurrence of mortality when longitudinal data is available (HARVEY et al, 2011;del RÍO et al, 2001), among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimate of Stand Density Index for Eucalyptus Urophylla Using Different Fit Methods

et al. 2016

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-The Reineke stand density index (SDI) was created on 1933 and remains as target of researches due to its importance on helping decision making regarding the management of population density. Part of such works is focused on the manner by which plots were selected and methods for the fit of Reineke model parameters in order to improve the definition of SDI value for the genetic material evaluated. The present study aimed to estimate the SDI value for Eucalyptus urophylla using the Reineke model fitted by the method of linear regression (LR) and stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). The database containing pairs of data number of stems per hectare (N) and mean quadratic diameter (Dq) was selected in three intensities, containing the 8, 30 and 43 plots of greatest density, and models were fitted by LR and SFA on each selected intensities. The intensity of data selection altered slightly the estimates of parameters and SDI when comparing the fits of each method. On the other hand, the adjust method influenced the mean estimated values of slope and SDI, which corresponded to -1.863 and 740 for LR and -1.582 and 810 for SFA. 922Revista Árvore, Viçosa-MG, v.40, n.5, p.921-929, 2016 POSSATO, E.L. et al.

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“…He even showed how this coordinated morphology could account for changes in leaf area efficiency with increasing stand occupancy. Dean and Baldwin [86] also demonstrated how crown characteristics through the uniform-stress principle determined the values of Reineke's stand density index, a common measure of stand density and competition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Neighbor and Height Effects on Crown Properties Associated with the Uniform-Stress Principle of Stem Formation

Dean

2018

Forests

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According to the uniform-stress principle of stem formation, the amount of leaf area a tree carries and the leverage it exerts on the stem determine the stem dimensions. Within an even-aged monoculture, the leaf area per tree and the leverage placed on the stem are functions of tree density and tree height. The uniform-stress principle presents the means to translate density effects on crown characteristics into stem dimensions and total standing volume. This approach is truly a top-down method of simulating growth tree and stand growth because leaf area and other crown properties must be determined before stem size and taper can be calculated. Each crown property influences either the sail area or the leverage placed on the stem, but the degree to which a specific crown property affects these parameters changes with stand density and height. Leverage is the more complicated of the two variables, being a function of the height to the base of the live crown and the vertical distribution of leaf area. The purpose of this brief review is to summarize the effects of stand density on the height to the base of the live tree and the vertical distribution of leaf area and the various ways these variables have been quantified.

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The relationship between Reineke's stand-density index and physical stem mechanics

Cited by 49 publications

References 25 publications

European Mixed Forests: definition and research perspectives

European Mixed Forests: definition and research perspectives

Estimate of Stand Density Index for Eucalyptus Urophylla Using Different Fit Methods

Neighbor and Height Effects on Crown Properties Associated with the Uniform-Stress Principle of Stem Formation

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