The Relationship between Sleep Duration, Body Mass Index, Physical Education Classes, Age and High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Background In order to study the high blood pressure of children and adolescents and its influencing factors, it provides evidence-based evidence for the high blood pressure prevention of primary and secondary school students. Methods This study is a cross-sectional survey, which uses stratified cluster sampling method to select students from 7 schools to participate in questionnaire survey and physical examination. The correlation between single factor and high blood pressure was analyzed by chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results A total of 1,814 subjects, including 512 primary school students (28.22%), 499 junior high school students (27.51%), 563 senior high school (31.04%), and 240 vocational high school (13.23%). There were 1000 males (55.13%) and 814 females (44.70%). The average age was 13.64±2.65 years. The detection rate of high blood pressure was 9.76%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age groups were 10~ and 14~ (OR=20.870, 95%CI=2.372-183.666; OR=10.049, 95%CI=1.306-77.353) , sleep duration < 7h (OR=4.136, 95%CI=4.136), and physical education class times ≤2 times per week (OR=5.073, 95%CI=2.497-10.306), which were risk factors for high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Normal weight and overweight group were protective factors compared to the obesity group (OR=0.094, 95%CI=0.061-0.146; OR=0.225, 95%CI=0.134-0.378). Conclusion The age groups of 14~ and 16~ years old, physical education classes ≤ 2 times per week, and sleep duration <7h were risk factors for primary and secondary school students, and BMI of Normal weight and overweight group were protective factors compared to the obesity group students.

Associations of siesta and total sleep duration with hypertension or cardiovascular diseases in middle‐aged and older adults

“…11,12 Previously, various studies explored the associations between siesta and hypertension or CVDs and revealed that siesta was associated with decreased risk of hypertension or CVDs and other studies also found that too long siesta was associated with increased risk of hypertension. [12][13][14] Too long siesta may decrease the sleep duration at night and affect the total sleep duration of people, indicating that the percentage of siesta in the total sleep duration may be associated with the risk of hypertension or CVDs. 15 Whether the ratio of siesta duration in the total sleep duration was associated with the occurrence of hypertension or CVDs was still unclear.…”