The relationship between spatial working memory precision and attention and inhibitory control in young children

Beattie, Heidi L.; Schutte, Anne R.; Cortesa, Cathryn S.

doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2018.02.002

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Some researchers argue that the EF consists of three parts: inhibitory, cognitive flexibility, and working memory (Miyake et al, 2000a, b). Inhibitory control mainly refers to the ability of individuals to control own attention, thoughts, and emotions and behavior in a proper state (Beattie et al, 2018); it also refers to one's capacity to suppress internal or external disturbance (Bell and Cuevas, 2012;Miyake and Friedman, 2012). Working memory (WM) refers to the process of coding information in order to adapt to an ongoing task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, life events, and executive function among college students in China

Wang

2018

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adverse childhood experiences and life events on the inhibitory control ability, cognitive flexibility, and working memory of college students. Methods: The study involved testing the participants using the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Questionnaire, the Adolescent Life Events Scale (Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist, ASLEC), and the program of executive functions designed by E-prime software. Results: The incidence rate of ACEs was 44.8%. ACEs, life events, and inhibition ability were found to have a significant correlation (r1 = 0.50, r1 = 0.47, p < 0.01). In the switching task, the reaction time of the ACEs group was longer than the reaction time of the non-ACEs group (t = − 2.55, p < 0.05). Low scorers in the ASLEC exhibited lesser reaction times than their high-scoring counterparts in the tasks related to inhibition, switching, and working memory experiments. The regression analysis results showed that ACEs and life events had a possibility rate of 56% in predicting inhibition ability. Conclusions: The incidence of ACEs was found to be high, and cognitive flexibility is significantly influenced by ACEs. Life events have a significant impact on inhibition ability, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. ACEs and life events were found to be reliable predictors of inhibition ability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, life events, and executive function among college students in China

Wang

2018

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

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“…There are two significant indices: (1) strategy utilization which is the number of search sequences starting with a novel box in both 6- and 8-box problems, and (2) errors in total, which is calculated based on the between errors, within errors, and double errors of particular box problems (i.e., between errors + within errors–double errors). This test evaluates working memory and utilization of search strategies and is a relatively accurate tool for measuring working memory, frontal lobe function, and executive functions (Oi et al, 2017 ; Beattie et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Cognition as Predictor of Treatment Response to rTMS; A Retrospective Study on Patients With Unipolar and Bipolar Depression

Rostami

Kazemi

Nasiri

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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BackgroundCognitive impairments are prevalent in patients with unipolar and bipolar depressive disorder (UDD and BDD, respectively). Considering the fact assessing cognitive functions is increasingly feasible for clinicians and researchers, targeting these problems in treatment and using them at baseline as predictors of response to treatment can be very informative.MethodIn a naturalistic, retrospective study, data from 120 patients (Mean age: 33.58) with UDD (n = 56) and BDD (n = 64) were analyzed. Patients received 20 sessions of bilateral rTMS (10 Hz over LDLPFC and 1 HZ over RDLPFC) and were assessed regarding their depressive symptoms, sustained attention, working memory, and executive functions, using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery Cambridge, at baseline and after the end of rTMS treatment course. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) and logistic regression were used as the main statistical methods to test the hypotheses.ResultsFifty-three percentage of all patients (n = 64) responded to treatment. In particular, 53.1% of UDD patients (n = 34) and 46.9% of BDD patients (n = 30) responded to treatment. Bilateral rTMS improved all cognitive functions (attention, working memory, and executive function) except for visual memory and resulted in more modulations in the working memory of UDD compared to BDD patients. More improvements in working memory were observed in responded patients and visual memory, age, and sex were determined as treatment response predictors. Working memory, visual memory, and age were identified as treatment response predictors in BDD and UDD patients, respectively.ConclusionBilateral rTMS improved cold cognition and depressive symptoms in UDD and BDD patients, possibly by altering cognitive control mechanisms (top-down), and processing negative emotional bias.

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“…If participants are relying on inhibitory control to actively suppress, or inhibit, the distractor, individual differences in memory biases should be related to individual differences in inhibitory control. Beattie et al (2018) examined this in children and found that the memory responses of children with higher levels of inhibitory control were biased more strongly away from distractors that were presented during the maintenance period of the memory task. This relationship, however, may be stronger in children than adults, because working memory and inhibitory control are less differentiated in children (Wiebe, et al, 2008; Wiebe et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in executive attention and inhibitory control are related to spatial memory biases in adults

Schutte

Jacoby

2022

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Executive attention is involved in working memory; however, the role of executive attention in the maintenance of information in spatial working memory is debated. This study examined whether inhibitory control was related to spatial working memory biases in adults in a simple spatial memory task where participants had to remember one location on an otherwise blank computer screen. On some trials a distractor was presented during the maintenance period. Eighty-four participants completed the spatial working memory task and a battery of cognitive control measures. When a distractor was presented during the maintenance period of the spatial memory task, performance on two of the cognitive control measures, a measure of overall attention and a measure of inhibitory control was related to memory errors. When a distractor was not presented during the spatial memory task, memory errors were not related to performance on the cognitive control tasks. Overall, these effects demonstrated that attention is related to maintaining locations in spatial working memory in adults, and inhibitory control may also be related such that those with more efficient inhibitory control were less influenced by distractors presented during the maintenance period.

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The relationship between spatial working memory precision and attention and inhibitory control in young children

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

A study of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, life events, and executive function among college students in China

A study of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, life events, and executive function among college students in China

Cold Cognition as Predictor of Treatment Response to rTMS; A Retrospective Study on Patients With Unipolar and Bipolar Depression

Individual differences in executive attention and inhibitory control are related to spatial memory biases in adults

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