The relationship between stressful events, emotion dysregulation, and anxiety symptoms among youth: longitudinal support for stress causation but not stress generation

Schneider, Rebecca L.; Long, Erin E.; Arch, Joanna J.; Hankin, Benjamin L.

doi:10.1080/10615806.2020.1839730

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influence the propensity and persistence of the anxiety response and the emergence of clinical anxiety (Hettema et al, 2005;Bergstrom and Meacham, 2016;Fullana et al, 2020;Zimmermann et al, 2020b). Stressful events represent an important risk factors for the emergence of anxiety symptoms and difficulties in regulating negative emotions (Anyan et al, 2017;Ding et al, 2020;Schneider et al, 2020). Furthermore, feelings of loneliness, intolerance of uncertainty, worry and fear generalization are related to symptoms of anxiety (Dar et al, 2017;Hamm, 2019;Lauriola et al, 2019;Stegmann et al, 2019;Danneel et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Study on Generalized Anxiety Among University Students During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Switzerland

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic and government measures implemented to counter the spread of the infection may be a major stressor affecting the psychological health of university students. This study aimed to explore how anxiety symptoms changed during the pandemic.Methods676 students (76% females) at Zurich University of Applied Sciences participated in the first (T0) and second (T1) survey waves. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-Scale-7 (GAD-7). Risk and protective factors (e.g., COVID-19-related variables) were examined.ResultsGAD-7 scores decreased significantly from T0 to T1 (mean change: −0.446, SE = 0.132, 95% CI: −0.706, −0.186, t = −3.371, df = 659, p = 0.001). Participants with moderate-to-severe anxiety score were 20.2 and 15.6% at T0 and T1, respectively. The following positively predicted anxiety: older age, female gender, non-Swiss nationality, loneliness, participants’ concern about their own health, and interaction between time and participants’ concern about their own health. Resilience and social support negatively predicted anxiety.ConclusionsOur findings provide information for public health measures and psychological interventions supporting the mental health of university students during the COVID-19 emergency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Study on Generalized Anxiety Among University Students During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Switzerland

et al. 2021

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“…Overall, people have been confronted over a long period with constantly changing epidemiological threats, restrictions, and unpredictability. Stressful events represent important risk factors for the emergence of anxiety symptoms and difficulties in regulating negative emotions [1][2][3]. Moreover, feelings of loneliness, intolerance of uncertainty, worry, and fear generalization are related to symptoms of anxiety [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized Anxiety among Swiss Health Professions and Non-Health Professions Students: An Open Cohort Study over 14 Months in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Volken¹,

Zysset²,

Amendola³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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To date, little is known about the long-term trajectory of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms in health professions (HP) students over the course of the pandemic. Like health professionals in general, HP students may have a significantly greater susceptibility to GAD symptoms due to their involvement in the health care system and the associated specific stressors and risks during the COVID-19 pandemic. The HEalth in Students during the Corona pandemic study (HES-C) provided the opportunity to investigate the long-term course of GAD symptoms with eight measurement points over 14 months in 9380 HP and non-HP students in Switzerland between March 2020 and June 2021. We employed logistic regression models with clustered sandwich standard errors to estimate unadjusted and adjusted prevalence of GAD symptoms. In the full model, we adjusted for age, gender, nationality, social status, social support, self-efficacy, and COVID-19 symptoms in the past 4 weeks. At baseline, the estimated adjusted GAD symptom prevalence was 17.6% (95% CI = 14.4–20.7) in HP students and 24.4% (95% CI = 22.3–26.5) in their peers. With the peak of the second SARS-CoV-2 infection wave in October/November 2020, GAD symptom prevalence substantially increased and then remained stable over time, despite changes in the epidemiological situation and its associated containment measures. At the last follow-up in June 2021, GAD symptom prevalence in HP and non-HP students was 22.9% (95% CI = 16.3–29.5) and 36.9% (95% CI = 32.9–40.9), respectively. Absolute differences in GAD symptom prevalence between student groups over all eight measurement points ranged from 6.2% to 14.9% (all p < 0.05). Non-HP students are identified as a specifically vulnerable group. Accordingly, target group-specific public health campaigns and interventions should be developed with the aim to strengthen their resources, reducing GAD symptoms, and preventing chronification.

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“…However, on the other hand, women also need to devote more emotional resources to maintaining their social networks and may experience more stress of interpersonal conflict ( Walen and Lachman, 2000 ; Turner et al, 2014 ). Therefore, when women have high levels of fear of compassion from others, they are less likely to receive emotional support and compassion from people in their social networks (i.e., their safeness system are more difficult to be activated in social relationships), and more likely to experience more stress of social interactions (i.e., their threat system are easier to be activated in social interactions), so that they are easier to have emotion regulation difficulties when encountering negative life events ( Schneider et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Fears of Compassion, Emotion Regulation Difficulties, and Emotional Eating in College Students: A Moderated Mediation Model

2021

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Although previous research has found the impact of fears of compassion on eating disorders, the mechanism underlying the relationship between fears of compassion and emotional eating remains to be examined. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties in the relationships between fears of compassion and emotional eating in college students, as well as the gender difference in the mediation model. The Fears of Compassion Scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire were completed by 673 college students in Fujian Province, China. Structural Equation Modeling was primarily employed to analyze the data. The results showed that both fear of compassion for self and fear of compassion from others were positively associated with emotion regulation difficulties, which in turn were related to emotional eating for female college students. Emotion regulation difficulties played a significant mediating effect in the relationship between fears of compassion and emotional eating. Comparatively, for male college students, only fear of compassion for self was positively associated with emotion regulation difficulties, but emotion regulation difficulties were not related to emotion eating. Moreover, the mediating effect of emotion regulation difficulties was not significant in the relationship between fears of compassion and emotion eating for male college students. The findings suggest that it is important to improve individuals’ fears of compassion to reduce emotional eating, particularly for female college students.

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The relationship between stressful events, emotion dysregulation, and anxiety symptoms among youth: longitudinal support for stress causation but not stress generation

Cited by 29 publications

References 54 publications

A Longitudinal Study on Generalized Anxiety Among University Students During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Switzerland

A Longitudinal Study on Generalized Anxiety Among University Students During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Switzerland

Generalized Anxiety among Swiss Health Professions and Non-Health Professions Students: An Open Cohort Study over 14 Months in the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Relationship Between Fears of Compassion, Emotion Regulation Difficulties, and Emotional Eating in College Students: A Moderated Mediation Model

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