The relationship between striation spacing, macroscopic crack growth rate, and the low-cycle fatigue life of a Type 316 stainless steel at 625°C

Wareing, J.; Vaughan, H. G.

doi:10.1179/msc.1977.11.10.439

Cited by 60 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…3 Alternatively, crack growth information is provided by studying striation spacings on the fracture surface of otherwise smooth test specimens. 4 The crack initiation phase in isotropic commercial alloys at elevated temperatures is more difficult to study and requires time consuming interrupted tests. followed by metallographic surface scanning 5 or destructive examination 6 of the testpiece.…”

Section: 'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic hardening, softening, and crack growth during high temperature fatigue

Skelton¹

1993

Materials Science and Technology

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High temperature total endurance tests were conducted on two alloys steel) at 550°C in high strainfatigue under continuous cycling at total strains in the range 0'6-2'0%. The austenitic steel cyclically hardened, whereas theferritic steel cyclically softened. From striation spacing measurements onfracture surfaces (and to a lesser extentfrom observations of tensile load drop), it has been possible to correlate progress of the major crack with strategic points on the hardening/ softening curves at each strain range. The minimum depth at which striations were measured with confidence was '" 0·04 mm and by establishing growth laws it is demonstrated that this depth was typically achieved by the 'plateau' regions for both alloys. By extrapolation of the growth relationships it is concluded that cracking ",4-20 flm deep has occurred by the end of the earlier rapid hardening and softening phases.MST/1813

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Section: 'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic hardening, softening, and crack growth during high temperature fatigue

Skelton¹

1993

Materials Science and Technology

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“…However, these are incorporated in the Coffin relation and the change seems to occur at a critical strain amplitude at the crack tip; Wareing and Vaughan [31] have observed that in 316 steel at high temperature, Stage I cracking occurs over a greater crack depth at lower applied amplitudes. Further, Tomkins [2] notes that no discontinuity in crack growth occurs at the stage change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prediction of Crack Growth Rates From Total Endurances in High Strain Fatigue

Skelton

1979

Fat Frac Eng Mat Struct

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Abstract-A method of calculating crack growth rates in high strain fatigue from total endurance data is presented. Endurances are known to be affected by dwell periods and environment and the expression derived takes these into account. The basic argument is that crack propagation may be regarded as increments of successive reinitiation and so the deeper a crack grows, with an accompanying increase in strain concentration at the tip, the fewer fatigue cycles are required for the next step. Previously derived expressions for strain concentration are employed which require a knowledge of the cyclic strain hardening properties of the material. These are produced in detail for a cast 4 Cr-Mo-V steel at 550°C.Two constants in the resulting propagation expression are semi-empirical, but if the surface (plastic or total) strain range is known then cyclic crack growth rates may be calculated for any crack depth. It is also shown that in the limiting case of zero surface plastic strain, the expression reduces to that observed for crack growth under linear elastic conditions.

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“…This model was verified by a lot of experimental data of small fatigue crack growth rate for different materials [21][22][23]. Among these investigations, different crack length measurement techniques were used, namely striation spacing measurement [21,22], potential drop measurement [23], and surface crack length measurement [23]. In the present paper, surface crack length data obtained from replicas shows that the growth rate of small fatigue crack is closely proportional to the crack length, as seen the fitting line in Fig.…”

Section: Relationship Between Small Fatigue Crack Length and Crack Grmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…18 2.74; Ni balance. The alloy has the microstructure consisting of an austenitic face-centered cubic (FCC)-Ni matrix strengthened by the precipitation of c 0 (Ll 2 , Ni 3 (Ti-Al) and c 00 (DO 22 , Ni 3 (Nb-Ti)) particles, and Ni 3 Nb d phase [5]. The volume fraction of d particles could directly affect the grain size.…”

Section: Materials and Heat Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the assumption that a striation in ductile alloys corresponds to crack advance in one cycle under plastic loading, Tomkins [20] proposed a model which assumed that crack growth rate was proportional to crack length. This model was verified by a lot of experimental data of small fatigue crack growth rate for different materials [21][22][23]. Among these investigations, different crack length measurement techniques were used, namely striation spacing measurement [21,22], potential drop measurement [23], and surface crack length measurement [23].…”

Section: Relationship Between Small Fatigue Crack Length and Crack Grmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Grain size effect on multi-scale fatigue crack growth mechanism of Nickel-based alloy GH4169

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2015

Engineering Fracture Mechanics

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The relationship between striation spacing, macroscopic crack growth rate, and the low-cycle fatigue life of a Type 316 stainless steel at 625°C

Cited by 60 publications

References 9 publications

Cyclic hardening, softening, and crack growth during high temperature fatigue

Cyclic hardening, softening, and crack growth during high temperature fatigue

The Prediction of Crack Growth Rates From Total Endurances in High Strain Fatigue

Grain size effect on multi-scale fatigue crack growth mechanism of Nickel-based alloy GH4169

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