“…Since most of the previous studies on syntactic complexity were directed with limited measuring indices (Biber et al, 2011;Bulté and Housen, 2012), such as mean words per T-unit (W/T), words per clause (W/C), or dependent clause ratio (DC/C), it is necessary to measure syntactic complexity with a relatively comprehensive range of indices. Therefore, this study has adopted for analysis the 14 measures Lu (2011) proposed in the Syntactic Complexity Analyzer (SCA), including the six measures Ortega (2003) Measures of syntactic complexity have been proven to be sensitive to the genres of narrative and expository writing (Scott and Windsor, 2000;Beers and Nagy, 2009;Jeong, 2017) and those of narrative and argumentative writing (Crowhurst and Piche, 1979;Beers and Nagy, 2009;Lu, 2011;Qin and Uccelli, 2016;Yoon andPolio, 2016, 2017;Abdel-Malek, 2019;Jagaiah et al, 2020;Xu, 2020;Casal et al, 2021;Lu et al, 2021;Yu, 2021). Scott and Windsor (2000) found that students' (9 and 11 years old) narratives had more clauses per T-unit than the expository summaries, while Crowhurst and Piche (1979) found that student (12 years old) narratives had fewer clauses per T-unit than persuasive essays (argumentative) and were not significantly different from the descriptive texts.…”