The relationship between the different low birth weight strata of newborns with infant mortality and the influence of the main health determinants in the extreme south of Brazil

Abstract

BackgroundLow birth weight (LBW) newborns present different health outcomes when classified in different birth weight strata. This study evaluated the relationship of birth weight with Infant mortality (IM) through the influence of biological, social, and health care factors in a time series.MethodsRetrospective cohort study with data collected from Information Systems (Live Births and Mortality). The mortality trends were performed for each birth weight stratum: extremely low, < 1000 g; very low, 1000–1499 g; low, 1500–2499 g; insufficient, 2500–2999 g; adequate, 3000–3900 g; and macrosomia, > 4000 g. Chi-square tests analyzed IM rates. Sequential Poisson regression analyzed the impact of the determinant factors.ResultsA total of 277,982 newborns were included in the study and 2088 died before their first year. There was a tendency for a decrease in mortality in all strata of weight. With the exception of macrosomics, all other strata had a higher risk for IM when compared with adequate birth weight. Extremely LBW newborns presented higher risk for mortality when born in a public hospital. A higher percentage of infant deaths were associated with lower maternal age and lower schooling for all strata. Prenatal care with less than three visits demonstrated a risk for IM in low, insufficient, and adequate birth weight strata. The cesarean section was a protective factor for IM in Extremely and Very LBW strata and it was a risk factor in adequate birth weight stratum.ConclusionsLBW had a greater association with IM, especially those children of younger mothers and those born in public hospitals.

Effect of Food Insecurity and Other Possible Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight Among Mothers Who Gave Birth to Live Newborns in West Ethiopia: A Facility-Based Unmatched Case–Control Study

“…Maternal MUAC was the other factor determinant of LBW in the study area, where the odds of LBW was higher among mothers with MUAC measurement of less than 23 cm compared to those with greater than 23 cm. This finding is consistent with studies conducted in Addis Ababa 14 and the Oromia region of Ethiopia, 21 and Ibadan in Nigeria, 22 which pointed out that MUAC is an indicator of maternal nutritional status and birth outcome. Because food insecurity is a significant nutrition-sensitive factor associated with low MUAC 21 and, in this study area, food insecurity was an independent predictor of LBW, poor nutritional status in pregnancy is expressed as the percentage with low MUAC, which is high in Ethiopian women.…”

“…The result was consistent with research conducted in India. 14,26 This may be because the body of the adolescent is not sufficiently well developed to nourish and accommodate the fetus. In this study area, the odds of giving LBW babies was higher among uneducated mothers compared to educated mothers.…”

“…13 Evidence has shown that LBW infants are at higher risk of prenatal mortality and morbidity than normal birth weight infants. 14 Despite its importance in reducing LBW, research on the effects of food insecurity on LBW is scarce in this study area. Food insecurity has been associated with depression and anxiety among mothers.…”

Anorectal malformations: Early outcome analysis in a tertiary care center in India

“…It has been found that neonatal mortality has an inverse relationship with birth weight. [22] The same was observed in our study [Table 2].…”

Factores asociados al bajo peso al nacer en un hospital universitario del departamento de Nariño

“…Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) el recién nacido de bajo peso (BPN) es aquel neonato con peso menor a 2500 gramos (gr) (1) . En países como Brasil se ha reportado que los bebés que nacen con un peso entre 1500gr y 2499gr, enfrentan un riesgo de muerte neonatal aproximadamente 5 veces mayor (IR=5,76, IC95%=4,99-6,65) que aquellos que pesan entre 3000gr y 3999gr, y que el riesgo es aproximadamente 40 veces mayor (IR=41,1, IC95%= 35,31-47,83) en recién nacidos que pesan entre 1000 y 1499gr (muy bajo peso al nacer) (2) .…”