The relationship between the number of crowds with anxiety and the function of the soccer premier leaguecircle2 s referees

Hoseini, Seyed Hashem; Aslankhani, Mohammad Ali; Abdoli, Behrouz; Mohammadi, Farzad

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.463

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…or not, whether it should be a yellow card or a red card. From each decision taken it is very possible the existence of an error or bias, because of the function of the human beings themselves [9]. In this research, there is a bias decision which is relatively small.…”

Section: Advances In Health Sciences Research Volume 21mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The decision of the referee and assistant select wrong or biased in making decisions, but the decision will be based on things that are intentional or unintentional mistakes. Actions that are not deliberately decided by the referee and the assistant referee are based on the referee's being a human being who is inseparable from an error, this is the nature of humans [9]. Deliberate decisions are intentionally motivated by an element of pressure or psychological disturbance from the referee before and during the lead of the match so that the decision he made will be biased [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decision-Making of Football Referees in Indonesia

Saputra¹,

Komarudin²,

Subarjah³

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sport Science, Health, and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2019)

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The decision of the soccer referee in a match will affect the outcome of the match, whether it is about an offense or simulation, the player is in an offside or outside position. In Indonesia League 1, there are many factors that influence the referees 'and assistant referees' decisions. One of them is the host factor, distance and point of view, and the mentality of the referees themselves, so that researchers have the desire to know how many referees and assistant soccer referees decides on a decision. Related to matches in League 1 of 2017/2018. In this study the researchers used a descriptive method with a population using FIFA referees totalling 5 people and assistant referees totalling 5 people and the sample using purposive sampling so that only 5 referees and 5 assistants were sampled, with the number of matches up to half the 2017/2018 season. The author's observations obtained that the referee took the decision in the match entirely, the referee 646 decisions consisting of violations 89.47%, and the bias was 10.53% and the assistant referee took the offside decision. The conclusion of this study is that the decision making by referees and referees' assistants has a very small bias level.

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Section: Advances In Health Sciences Research Volume 21mentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision-Making of Football Referees in Indonesia

Saputra¹,

Komarudin²,

Subarjah³

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sport Science, Health, and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2019)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…age, gender), schedule of event activities, crowd movement models, the geometry of the location, weather conditions and density of crowd in different areas. Some of the researchers believe that crowd causes stress and anxiety that may lead people tolosetheir control and their abilities will decline significantly (Taylor et al, 1990;Hoseini et al, 2011).At some events, the crowd can turn into a mob and become aggressive. "The aggressive behaviour may be in response to such strictures or emotional triggers such as elation, fear, or anger, and may be exaggerated by impairments such as drug or alcohol intoxication and lack of accurate information.…”

Section: Crowd (Users) Behaviour (Ub)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Crowd Safety in Large Space Buildings: The Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Perceived Risk Variables.

Alkhadim

Gidado²,

Painting

2018

EPPM-Journal

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In crowded large space buildings, safety is one of the most important concerns for facilities managers. Within the built environment, safety has been classified into two main parts: objective safety (normative and substantive) and subjective safety (perceived). A lot of emphasis has been given to objective safety, but research has shown that subjective safety could be equally important and cannot be overlooked. A flow of risk factors within crowded large space buildings such as sports stadiums, concert halls, and religious buildings have resulted in crowd disasters in various venues across the world. Every user in such facilities during mass gathering can be exposed to safety risks, which can be mitigated by using effective risk management as a component of facilities management. This paper focused on subjective safety and aimed to validate the measurement model of latent constructs measuring 12 risk constructs of perceived safety in crowded large space buildings. Two theoretical frameworks (FIST and Six dimensions and loci of crowd disaster) and other relevant literature were used to generate items for the respective constructs. The research chose to use the Holy Mosque in Makkah as a case study (crowded large space building), which is 356,800 square metres with a maximum capacity of two million users (pilgrims). Data was collected using iPad devices via a group-administered questionnaire distributed to 1,940 pilgrims across 62 different nationalities. The data wasanalysed using the Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) for descriptive analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) respectively. CFA has validated the measurement model of the 12 constructs for unidimensionality, validity, and reliability.

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“…One may claim that emotions are disruptive and destructive forces that undermine optimal decision-making and that emotions affect the process of decision-making, for better and for worse (Lazarus 2000, Zhu andThagard 2002). Indeed, Hoseini et al (2011) claimed that judging soccer is a mental process that requires quick decisions and that, because of the importance of professional soccer games, the difficulty of officiating is increasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2019

AJSPO

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Mission ATINER is a World Non-Profit Association of Academics and Researchers based in Athens. ATINER is an independent Association with a Mission to become a forum where Academics and Researchers from all over the world can meet in Athens, exchange ideas on their research and discuss future developments in their disciplines, as well as engage with professionals from other fields. Athens was chosen because of its long history of academic gatherings, which go back thousands of years to Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum. Both these historic places are within walking distance from ATINER"s downtown offices. Since antiquity, Athens was an open city. In the words of Pericles, Athens"…is open to the world, we never expel a foreigner from learning or seeing". ("Pericles" Funeral Oration", in Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War). It is ATINER"s mission to revive the glory of Ancient Athens by inviting the World Academic Community to the city, to learn from each other in an environment of freedom and respect for other people"s opinions and beliefs. After all, the free expression of one"s opinion formed the basis for the development of democracy, and Athens was its cradle. As it turned out, the Golden Age of Athens was in fact, the Golden Age of the Western Civilization. Education and (Re)searching for the "truth" are the pillars of any free (democratic) society. This is the reason why Education and Research are the two core words in ATINER"s name.

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The relationship between the number of crowds with anxiety and the function of the soccer premier leaguecircle2 s referees

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Decision-Making of Football Referees in Indonesia

Decision-Making of Football Referees in Indonesia

Perceived Crowd Safety in Large Space Buildings: The Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Perceived Risk Variables.

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