The relationship between theoretical orientation and therapists' empathy, warmth, and genuineness.

Fischer, Joel

doi:10.1037/h0077135

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Self-designation is a common method for assessing theoretical orientation (e.g., see Fischer et al 1975;Steiner 1978;Tremblay et al 1986;Walton 1978). The questionnaire asked participants to designate their theoretical orientations regarding psychotherapy.…”

Section: Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Religious Beliefs and Therapeutic Orientations of Clinical and Counseling Psychologists

Bilgrave¹,

Deluty²

1998

Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.A 65-item questionnaire was used to examine the relations among religious beliefs and psychotherapeutic orientations in a national sample of 237 clinical and counseling psychologists. Sixty-six percent of these psychologists believed in the transcendent; 72% asserted that their religiouts beliefs influenced their practice of psychotherapy, and 66% claimed that their practice of therapy influenced their religious beliefs.Psychologists who affirmed Christian beliefs tended to endorse the cognitive-behavioral orientation, and those who affirmed Eastern and mystical beliefs tended to endorse humanistic and existential orientations.These findings suggest (a) that most psychologists synthesize personal Weltanschauungen composed of elements derived from both their study of psychology and their exposure to religion and (b) that these syntheses are not random, that specific religious beliefs are differentially associated with specific psychotherapeutic orientations. NTRODUCTIONEach culture possesses a Weltanschauung, a comprehensive view of the world. The current Weltanschauung in the West is a curious amalgam, consisting of religious, humanistic, scientific, and romantic elements (Frank 1977;Kurtz 1985;Woolfolk and Richardson 1984).Its religious elements stem primarily from our Judeo-Christian heritage and stress a correct relationship with God reflected in loving relationships with others and in moral conduct. Its humanistic and scientific elements -sometimes referred to jointly as secular humanism stem primarily from our Greco-Roman heritage and the intellectual developments of the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, and positivistic philosophy and stress the use of reflective reason (a) to gain objective knowledge, (b) to choose wisely among conflicting values -none of which has a transcendent source -and (c) to work toward personal well being and social equality and justice (Woolfolk and Richardson 1984). Its romantic elements -sometimes referred to as romantic humanism -stem, in part, from the Romantic movement of the first half of the eighteenth century and stress subjective, immediate experience, the cultivation of affect and intuition, and the creation of personal meaning through authentic choice (Kurtz 1985;Woolfolk and Richardson 1984). These diverse elements coexist in an uneasy, unstable balance: Often, they are in conflict.As with each culture, each individual, too, possesses a personal Weltanschauung, a personal belief system, an explanatory matrix, a unique map of the world and picture of self (

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Section: Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Religious Beliefs and Therapeutic Orientations of Clinical and Counseling Psychologists

Bilgrave¹,

Deluty²

1998

Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion

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“…Perhaps the only limiting exception to this generalization for this sample are the marginal relationships among preferences for the behavioral orientation and five of the twelve values assessed. However, Fischer, Paveza, Kickertz, Hubbard, and Grayston (1975) demonstrated that counselors espousing behavioral orientations were essentailly similar to counselors espousing either psychodynamic or humanistic orientations in terms of other (functional counseling) characteristics. Therefore, because these "divergent" types of counselors are similar in terms of other characteristics, it seems reasonable that they would be similar in terms of value patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationships Among Counselor Trainees' Values and Counseling Orientations

Sampson

Loesch

1980

The Humanist Educator

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“…Wilson & Evans, 1977;DeVoge & Beck, 1978;Wright & Davis, 1994). In addition, there have been several well controlled studies comparing client appraisals of therapist use of empathy, warmth, and genuineness, which found behaviour therapists rated as high or even higher than psychodynamic therapists in their use of these crucial relationship skills (e.g., Fisher, Paveza, Kickertz, Hubbard, & Grayston, 1975;Sloane, Staples, Cristol, Yorkston & Whipple, 1975).…”

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 96%