The relationship between therapist behaviors and outcome for middle- and lower-class couples in marital therapy

Cline, Victor B.; Mejia, Juan; Coles, Joan; Klein, Nanci C.; Cline, Russell A.

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198405)40:3<691::aid-jclp2270400308>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 14 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…No differences were found between the “College Degree and Up” group and either of the other two groups. This finding, in conjunction with results obtained by Cline, Mejia, Coles, et al (1984), encourages further investigation of the relevance of socioeconomic status to selection of a fit therapist‐couple clinical process, just as the consideration of other factors such as ethnicity is encouraged.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Additionally, the current study does not foreclose the possibility that therapist‐responsible process may prove effective and critical with certain types of couples, problems, or stages/phases of therapy. Cline et al's (1984) work, mentioned earlier, hints at this possibility on the basis of couples' socioeconomic status. We speculate that therapist‐responsible process and couple‐responsible process may be linked in a developmental clinical framework, with their respective utilization a function primarily of the couple's level of distress and emotional/interactional volatility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Couple‐Responsible Therapy Process: Positive Proximal Outcomes

Butler¹,

Wampler

1999

Family Process

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Therapist-couple struggle vs. cooperation is linked to clinical outcome. This research conceptualizes and investigates treatment process as it relates to the occurrence of struggle versus cooperation. Models of couple-responsible and therapist-responsible process in couple therapy were developed. Couple-responsible process consists of enactments, accommodation, and inductive process. Therapist-responsible process consists of primary therapist-couple interaction, therapist interpretation, and direct instruction. In counterbalanced order, 25 couples were exposed to couple-responsible and therapist-responsible episodes during one therapy session. Couples reviewed videotapes of the episodes and completed measures of responsibility, struggle, and cooperation. Perceived responsibility was higher and struggle was lower during couple-responsible episodes. No difference in cooperation was found. Presence or absence of a contrast condition, where couples reported on one therapist process after already experiencing its opposite, led to main effects for responsibility and struggle, and mediated effects of struggle and cooperation. Generally speaking, responsibility was even higher during couple-responsible episodes and even lower during therapist-responsible episodes when contrast was present. Similarly, struggle was even lower during couple-responsible episodes and even higher during therapist-responsible episodes when contrast was present. For both couple-responsible and therapist-responsible episodes, cooperation was negatively affected by a shift from the prior, opposite therapist process. Significant proportions of the variance in responsibility, struggle, and cooperation, however, were not accounted for by therapist process alone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Couple‐Responsible Therapy Process: Positive Proximal Outcomes

Butler¹,

Wampler

1999

Family Process

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“…It may be that clients who are not psychologically and systemically aware may respond more positively to some approaches than others. For example, there is research suggesting that lower SES clients prefer more directive approaches than their higher SES counterparts (Cline, Mejia, Coles, Klein, & Cline, 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

What Clients of Couple Therapy Model Developers and Their Former Students Say About Change, Part II: Model‐Independent Common Factors and an Integrative Framework

Davis

Piercy

2007

J Marital Family Therapy

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Proponents of the common factors movement in marriage and family therapy (MFT) suggest that, rather than specific models of therapy, elements common across models of therapy and common to the process of therapy itself are responsible for therapeutic change. This article-the second of two companion articles-reports on a study designed to further investigate common factors in couple therapy. We used grounded theory techniques to analyze data from interviews with MFT model developers Dr. Susan M. Johnson, Dr. Frank M. Dattilio, Dr. Richard C. Schwartz, former students of Dr. Johnson and Dr. Schwartz, and each of their clients who had been successful in couple therapy. This article reports model-independent variables, that is, general aspects of therapy that are not directly related to the therapist's model. Model-independent categories include client variables, therapist variables, the therapeutic alliance, therapeutic process, and expectancy and motivational factors, each with several subcategories. We also present a conceptual framework that outlines how model-dependent and model-independent common factors may interact to produce change. We discuss our findings and proposed framework in relation to the current common factors literature in psychology and MFT. We also discuss clinical, training, and research implications.

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“…Opportunities for positive disclosure may be particularly important for disadvantaged clients, who often experience the coercive, rather than advisory or beneficial, aspects of institutions. No single therapeutic technique is effective for all clients (Canino and Spurlock 1994; Cline et al 1984); open self‐disclosure is likely to be an alienating experience for clients unaccustomed to revealing personal information about the self. The dynamics of this setting are not simply a product of individuals’ personal inclinations to disclose, but reflect the distribution of power and resources in society; these therapeutic interactions are a microcosm of the class differences present outside the setting.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What was that Secret? Framing Forced Disclosures from Teen Mothers

Fujimoto

2001

Symbolic Interaction

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Although previous research has examined the micropractices of therapeutic interaction, few studies have focused on the expression of power in group therapy. This ethnographic study examines a therapeutic program for teen mothers to explore how self‐disclosure occurs, focusing on the therapist's techniques for soliciting disclosure and subsequent responses. These techniques include the therapist's own disclosures, presentation of commands, and revelation of information, which then evoke the disclosure. Individuals respond with immediate compliance, delayed compliance, or sustained resistance. Although the therapist attempts to mask this imbalance, her strategies reinforce the power differences between herself and the teen mothers. The interactions observed here illustrate how clients may find therapeutic environments less about psychological unburdening and healing and more about the negotiation of power in an institutional setting. A more effective therapy might focus on disclosure of clients' successes rather than primarily on the revelation of discrediting information.

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The relationship between therapist behaviors and outcome for middle- and lower-class couples in marital therapy

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Couple‐Responsible Therapy Process: Positive Proximal Outcomes

Couple‐Responsible Therapy Process: Positive Proximal Outcomes

What Clients of Couple Therapy Model Developers and Their Former Students Say About Change, Part II: Model‐Independent Common Factors and an Integrative Framework

What was that Secret? Framing Forced Disclosures from Teen Mothers

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