The Relationship of Blood Lead to Blood Pressure in a Longitudinal Study of Working Men

Weiss, Scott T.; Munoz, Alexander; Stein, Andrew M.; Sparrow, David; Speizer, Frank E.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114309

Cited by 76 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Staessen et al (13) reported that the addition of gender and age as covariates to models predicting blood pressure reduced the partial correlations of systolic and diastolic blood pressure with B-Pb to a nonsignificant level. Sharp et al (6) observed that a positive relationship between blood pressure and B-Pb was present in black males but not among nonblack males; the inclusion of alcohol use indicators in multiple regression models did not alter the relationship between blood pressure and B-Pb by more than 10%. In black subjects adjusting for tobacco use markedly increase the association between B-Pb and blood pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In black subjects adjusting for tobacco use markedly increase the association between B-Pb and blood pressure. In addition, the relationship was particularly strong in blacks who were infrequent users of caffeine (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Low to moderate increases in blood lead (B-Pb) concentrations, as those occurring in subjects living in industrialized areas even in the absence of an occupational exposure, have been related to a small or moderate increase in blood pressure (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). This positive relationship has not been observed in a large survey conducted in Wales (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of blood lead to blood pressure in men aged 55 to 75 years: effect of selected social and biochemical confounders. NFR Study Group.

Menditto

Morisi

Spagnolo

et al. 1994

Environ Health Perspect

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The association of blood lead (B-Pb) concentration to blood pressure was investigated in men aged 55 to 75 years living in the Rome area, who had no history of exposure to lead in the workplace and who participated between 1989 and 1990 in an epidemiologic survey for coronary heart disease (New Risk Factor Project). Of the 1856 individuals eligible for the study, 59 were excluded from analyses because not all relevant data were available; and 478 were excluded because they were treated for hypertension. In the remaining subjects (n = 1319) the median B-Pb concentration was 113 pg/l (range: 40-442 pg/I). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) averaged 140 ± 18 (standard deviation) mm Hg (range 98-220) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 84 ± 9 mm Hg (range 56-118). Median B-Pb values increased significantly from 1 1 1 pg/l in subjects with normal blood pressure (n = 668) to 1 13.5 pg/l in subjects with borderline high blood pressure (n = 373) and to 120 pg/l in subjects with increased blood pressure (n = 278). After log-normal conversion of B-Pb, the linear correlation coefficient between ln[B-Pb(ug/l)] and both SBP and DBP was statistically significant (r = 0.1332, p <0.001 and r = 0.0737, p = 0.007, respectively). The linear regression coefficient was 6.8 mm Hg/ln(pg/l) for SBP and 1.8 mm Hg/ln(pg/l) for DBP. Multiple regression analyses revealed that, after correction for body mass index (BMI), age, heart rate, skinfold thickness, serum lipids, and glucose levels, blood lead was still a significant predictor of increased SBP and DBP. The adjusted regression coefficient was 5.6 mm HgAn(ug/l) for SBP and 1.7 mm Hg/ln(pg/l) for DBP. In further analyses subjects were divided, according to alcohol consumption, into drinkers (n = 1068) and nondrinkers (n = 251). Among nondrinkers the median B-Pb levels was 97 pg/l (2.5th and 97.5th centiles 55-181 pg/I) and SBP and DBP averaged 138 ± 17 and 84 ± 9 mm Hg, respectively. No significant relationship between In[B-Pb] and blood pressure was found. In drinkers the median B-Pb level was 1 17 pg/l (2.5th and 97.5th centiles: 63-252 pg/I) and SBP and DBP averaged 141 ± 18 and 84 ± 9 mm Hg, respectively. The linear regression coefficient was 7.5 mm Hg/ln(pg/l) for SBP and 2.6 mm Hg/ln(pg/l) for DBP. In multiple stepwise regressions including BMI, age, heart rate, smoking, skinfold thickness, serum lipids, and glucose levels as covariates-the partial correlation coefficient of systolic and diastolic blood pressure with In[B-Pb] remained statistically significant. The adjusted regression coefficients were 5.6 mm Hg/ln(pg/l) for SBP and 2.5 mm Hg/ln(pg/l) for DBP. These findings indicate that a slight to moderate positive relationship exists between blood pressure and blood lead concentrations in male drinkers aged 55 to 75 years. -Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 9): 107-111 (1994)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Association of blood lead to blood pressure in men aged 55 to 75 years: effect of selected social and biochemical confounders. NFR Study Group.

Menditto

Morisi

Spagnolo

et al. 1994

Environ Health Perspect

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“…The longitudinal Boston 84,85 and Glostrup 53 studies applied autoregression to investigate the correlation between lead at baseline and blood pressure during follow-up. The blood lead concentration was expressed on a linear scale in 15 studies and on a logarithmic scale in 16 (Table 1).…”

Section: Journal Of Human Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An epidemiological re-appraisal of the association between blood pressure and blood lead: a meta-analysis

et al. 2002

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Studies on the possible association between blood pressure and blood lead have reached divergent conclusions. In a previous meta-analysis, a doubling of the blood lead concentration was associated with a 1.0/0.6 mm Hg increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP). This meta-analysis updates the analysis originally performed in 1994. Articles on the association between BP and blood lead were identified from computer searches from January 1980 to February 2001 using the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System. Of the studies reviewed, 31 provided sufficient details to be considered. The meta-analysis included 58 518 subjects recruited from the general population in 19 surveys and from occupationally exposed groups in 12 studies. In all but four studies, the results were adjusted for age, and

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“…Information for six men was missing for all covariates. The other 89 men were entirely comparable to men without blood lead measurements for all covariates (17).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 80%

The Relationship of Blood Lead to Systolic Blood Pressure in a Longitudinal Study of Policemen

Weiss¹,

Muñoz²,

Stein³

et al. 1988

Environmental Health Perspectives

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We examined the relationship of blood lead level to systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a longitudinal study of 89 Boston, MA, policemen. At the second examination blood lead level and blood pressure were measured in triplicate. Blood pressure measurements were taken in a similar fashion in years 3, 4, and 5. Multivariate analysis using a first-order autoregressive model revealed that after adjusting for previous systolic blood pressure, body mass index, age, and cigarette smoking, an elevated blood lead level was a significant predictor of subsequent systolic blood pressure. Bootstrap simulations of these models provided supporting evidence for the observed association. These data suggest that blood lead level can influence systolic blood pressure even within the nonnal range.

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The Relationship of Blood Lead to Blood Pressure in a Longitudinal Study of Working Men

Cited by 76 publications

References 20 publications

Association of blood lead to blood pressure in men aged 55 to 75 years: effect of selected social and biochemical confounders. NFR Study Group.

Association of blood lead to blood pressure in men aged 55 to 75 years: effect of selected social and biochemical confounders. NFR Study Group.

An epidemiological re-appraisal of the association between blood pressure and blood lead: a meta-analysis

The Relationship of Blood Lead to Systolic Blood Pressure in a Longitudinal Study of Policemen

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