The Relationship of Fluorosis and Brick Tea Drinking in Chinese Tibetans

Distribution and Potential Health Risks of Arsenic, Selenium, and Fluorine in Natural Waters in Tibet, China

“…In recent years, several studies have reported the hydrochemical characteristics of natural waters in Tibet [2,3] and the associated distribution of arsenic (As) [4][5][6], selenium (Se) [7][8][9][10] and fluorine (F) [11][12][13][14][15]. Wang et al [4] showed that arsenic concentrations exceeded 10 µg/L in 43.2% of stream water samples, as well as in all the samples from hot springs, saline lakes, well waters of the Seng-ge areas, and other drainage basins.…”

An exposure and risk assessment for fluoride and trace metals in black tea

“…While beneficial effects were investigated against cancer [1,2], vascular diseases [3], hypertension [4], and dental caries [5], tea was associated with dental [6] and skeletal [7] fluorosis, and Alzheimer's disease [8] due to accumulation of fluoride (F) and aluminum (Al), respectively, in the plant. The impact of tea drinks on human health has been observed, and trace elemental content of tea has been investigated in Southern Asian countries where tea is a traditional drink consumed in large quantities, such as in China [9], India [10], Taiwan [11], and Tibet [6] for fluoride, and in China [12], and Thailand [13] for aluminum and other trace elements. Recently, infusion fluoride concentrations of up to 6.5 mg/l [7] and brand name bottled tea concentrations of up to 4.1 mg/l [14] were measured in the US.…”

99/01617 Health effects of indoor fluoride pollution from coal burning in China

“…In our animal experiment, high concentrations of fluoride stimulated both bone resorption and bone formation in vivo (data not shown). Because serious fluoride pollution caused osteosclerosis (33), fluoride may stimulate both bone resorption and bone formation. Further study is necessary to analyze bone resorption and bone formation in the residents in fluoride-polluted areas.…”