The Relationship of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Detection to Pap Smear Classification of Cervical‐Scraped Cells in Asymptomatic Women in Northeast Thailand

Ekalaksananan, Tipaya; Pientong, Chamsai; Kotimanusvanij, Daroon; Kongyingyoes, Bunkerd; Sriamporn, Supannee; Jintakanon, Darunee

doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.2001.tb01234.x

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[37][38][39] The reason is not only confined to the difference of population study and incorrect Pap test interpretation but also depending on HPV-DNA detection procedure as described. However, the HPV prevalence in SCC was found to be 86% in our previous study 40 and in this study, which is comparable with the adjusted overall HPV prevalence for cervical cancer in Asian populations (79.3%) and in different regions (83-89%). 35 Recently, a second-generation hybrid capture system (HC-II; Digene Corp.) detected HR-HPV-DNA in all invasive cervical carcinomas and most (97.1%) high-grade lesions.…”

Section: Ink4asupporting

confidence: 92%

Immunocytochemical staining of p16^INK4a protein from conventional Pap test and its association with human papillomavirus infection

Pientong

Ekalaksananan

Kongyingyoes

et al. 2004

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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The p16INK4a protein is immunocytochemically detected in liquid-based (LB) specimens as a diagnostic marker of cervical dysplasia and neoplasia. Its up-regulation is promoted by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection. We aimed to detect p16INK4a on conventional Papanicolaou (Pap) test (CPT) slides and to determine the relationship between its overexpression and HR-HPV infection. CPT and LB Pap test (LBPT) slides (165 samples of each) were examined by immunocytochemical staining for p16INK4a. After polymerase chain reaction (PCR), HPV-DNA was genotyped by dot blot hybridization. The CPT slides displayed more numerous dispersed squamous cells and LBPT slides had a clearer background. Positive p16INK4a on CPT occurred in 0% (0/30), 52.5% (21/40), 54.3% (19/35), 100% (30/30), and 100% (30/30) in normal, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs), high-grade SILs (HSILs), and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) cases, respectively. LBPT slides showed comparable results but were less sensitive. HPV-DNA was detected in 86.7, 70, 45, 57.14, and 10% in SCCs, HSILs, ASCUS, LSILs, and normal cervical cells, respectively. Because HR-HPV was identified in all HPV+ samples of high-grade dysplasia (HSILs and SCCs) and all positive p16INK4a samples infected with HR-HPV, the association of p16INK4a overexpression with HR-HPV infection was confirmed. This study suggests that immunocytochemical staining of p16INK4a on CPT slides is convenient and cost-effective for cervical cancer screening by the detection of dysplastic cells infected with HR-HPV.

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Section: Ink4asupporting

confidence: 92%

Immunocytochemical staining of p16^INK4a protein from conventional Pap test and its association with human papillomavirus infection

Pientong

Ekalaksananan

Kongyingyoes

et al. 2004

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…A total of 25,368 women from 79 studies (3,14–90) were included in analyses. Among them, a total of 5954, 1653, 958, and 16,803 women with ICC, HSIL, LSIL, and normal cytology/histology were included in 55, 27, 10, and 25 studies, respectively (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each study, the following key information was extracted: (1) data of publication, (2) country or area of sample, (3) the classification of pathology or cytology (ICC [SCC/ADC], HSIL [CIN 3/CIN 2], LSIL [CIN 1], and normal), (4) type of cervical specimen (fresh or fixed biopsy tissue; exfoliated cell or combination), (5) the PCR primers used to detect HPV‐positive samples, (6) diagnosis cervical outcome confirmed by: histology and cytology, and (7) type‐specific and overall prevalence of HPV infection, which stratified by pathologic/cytologic classification. The countries were divided into four subregions in Asia according to geographic settings, sample size, and ethnicity includes: eastern Asia‐1 (14–38) (including China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, where the majority are Chinese women), eastern Asia‐2 (39–71) (including Japan and Korea), southeastern Asia (72–79) (including Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, and Thailand), and south central Asia (3,80–90) (India and Iran). For studies comparing HPV prevalence across two countries, data were separated into regional components, respectively (21) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus type distribution in women from Asia: a meta-analysis

Bao¹,

Li²,

Smith³

et al. 2008

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer

191

164

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The aim of this study was to determine human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution in women with and without cervical neoplasia from Asia and to estimate the potential future impact of an HPV 16/18 prophylactic vaccine in this region. A meta-analysis was conducted including 79 studies using polymerase chain reaction to detect HPV types. A total of 5954, 1653, 958, and 16,803 women with invasive cervical cancer (ICC), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), and normal cytology or histology were included, respectively. Type-specific prevalence of HPV types 6, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 70, 73, and 82 were estimated and stratified by cervical lesion grade. Overall HPV prevalence was 85.9%, 81.0%, 72.9%, and 14.4%, respectively, in women with ICC, HSIL, LSIL, and normal cytology/histology. In ICC, HPV 16 was the predominant type (52.4%), followed by HPV 18, 58, 33, 52, 45, 31, and 35. The estimated HPV 16/18-positive fraction was 66.9%, 40.4%, 26.7%, and 3.3% in women with ICC, HSIL, LSIL, and normal cytology or histology, respectively. In ICC, the estimated HPV 16/18-positive fraction was about 70% in all Asian geographic regions, with the exception of Japan (51.3%). HPV 16/18 vaccines are estimated to provide about 67% protection against ICC in Asia. HPV 58 and 52 were among the five most common types in ICC in eastern and southeastern Asia but not in south central Asia. After HPV 16 and 18, the next most six common HPV types were 58, 33, 52, 45, 31, and 35 that accounted for additional 20% of cervical cancer cases in Asia. For optimal population coverage, these HPV carcinogenic types should be considered for second-generation HPV prophylactic vaccines.

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“…The relationships between the p53 polymorphism and susceptibility to HPV infection as well as development of the cervical cancer is still unclear. In Northeast Thailand, although high incidence of cervical cancer is present, very limited data for HPV infections are available (4,10,11,21,22). One previous study showed that the low-risk group of HPV (type 6 and 11) existed in the cervical cells with the normal Pap smear class (8%) but not in the abnormal Pap smear classes (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus Genotypes and the p53 Codon 72 Polymorphism in Cervical Cancer of Northeastern Thailand

Settheetham-Ishida

Kanjanavirojkul

Kularbkaew

et al. 2005

Microbiology and Immunology

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Cervical cancer is the most common female cancer in Northeastern Thailand (2) and is still the highest cause of mortality in females of this region (23). Our previous study has indicated that sexual behavior and smoking were risk factors for this cancer (19). In addition, we must pay attention to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection that is the most critical risk for cervical cancer (9, 18).HPV comprises so many strains; they are classified into a low-risk group (such as ) and a high-risk group (such as . Cervical infection with the certain subtypes of HPV, particularly of the high-risk group, closely correlates with the development of cervical cancer (17,18,26).Participation of the p53 alterations including somatic mutations and germline polymorphisms in tumor development has been well documented (1,25). Codon 72 polymorphism (Arg/Pro allele) of p53 is widely distributed in various human populations (5). One of the striking features of this polymorphism is efficient degradation of Arg type of p53 by HPV E6 oncoprotein and carriers of Arg type of p53 were about seven times more susceptible to cervical cancer (20). The high risk type of p53 with Arg for cervical cancer was supported by several epidemiological studies on European subjects (12,24,25). However, studies on British (16), Japanese (13), Korean (7) and Black South African (15) subjects denied the risk. The distribution of the p53 codon 72 genotype varies according to ethnicity (5) and it is rather difficult to generalize from the conclusion obtained for a given population. The relationships between the p53 polymorphism and susceptibility to HPV infection as well as development of the cervical cancer is still unclear. In Northeast Thailand, although high incidence of cervical cancer is present, very limited data for HPV infections are available (4,10,11,21,22 Abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection including sub-strain identification was studied in patients with squamous cell cervical cancer (SCCA) in Northeastern Thailand. Subjects were 90 cases of SCCA and 100 healthy controls. Prevalence of high-risk group of HPV infection in the controls and the SCCA patients were 13.0% and 86.7%, respectively. The HPV infection significantly increased the risk for cervical cancer 43.5-fold (95% confidential interval: 17.5-110.6; P<0.00001). Among HPV carrier patients with SCCA (n‫,)87؍‬ HPV-16 was also prominent (70.5%) followed by HPV-18 (23.1%). There was no statistical difference in the subtype distribution between the SCCA and the control groups. There was no significant association between genotype distribution of the p53 codon 72 polymorphism and HPV infection. HPV infection was confirmed as a critical risk factor for cervical cancer development in Northeast Thailand. Since polymorphism of the p53 itself as well as in combination with HPV infection may not be a genetic risk for cervical cancer, much attention should be paid to other risk factors such as sexual behavior and smoking.

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The Relationship of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Detection to Pap Smear Classification of Cervical‐Scraped Cells in Asymptomatic Women in Northeast Thailand

Abstract: We speculated that an abnormal Pap smear and the detection of an oncogenic type HPV may indicate the presence of neoplastic cells in asymptomatic woman who might be at risk for the development of cervical cancer.

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Immunocytochemical staining of p16^INK4a protein from conventional Pap test and its association with human papillomavirus infection

Immunocytochemical staining of p16^INK4a protein from conventional Pap test and its association with human papillomavirus infection

Human papillomavirus type distribution in women from Asia: a meta-analysis

Human Papillomavirus Genotypes and the p53 Codon 72 Polymorphism in Cervical Cancer of Northeastern Thailand

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The Relationship of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Detection to Pap Smear Classification of Cervical‐Scraped Cells in Asymptomatic Women in Northeast Thailand

Abstract: We speculated that an abnormal Pap smear and the detection of an oncogenic type HPV may indicate the presence of neoplastic cells in asymptomatic woman who might be at risk for the development of cervical cancer.

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Immunocytochemical staining of p16INK4a protein from conventional Pap test and its association with human papillomavirus infection

Immunocytochemical staining of p16INK4a protein from conventional Pap test and its association with human papillomavirus infection

Human papillomavirus type distribution in women from Asia: a meta-analysis

Human Papillomavirus Genotypes and the p53 Codon 72 Polymorphism in Cervical Cancer of Northeastern Thailand

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Immunocytochemical staining of p16^INK4a protein from conventional Pap test and its association with human papillomavirus infection

Immunocytochemical staining of p16^INK4a protein from conventional Pap test and its association with human papillomavirus infection