The Relationship of Intellectual Functioning and Cognitive Performance to Brain Structure in Schizophrenia

Czepielewski, Letícia Sanguinetti; Wang, Lei; Gama, Clarissa Severino; Deanna, M

doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw090

Cited by 33 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…We did not find a correlation between EVM and TNF-α or IL-6, but these cytokines may be correlated to other cognitive domains. Second, we did not measure other cytokines such as IL-1β and eotaxin [42, 43]. Furthermore, we did not analyze the potential influence of antipsychotics on cytokine levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Cytokines and Verbal Memory in Individuals with Schizophrenia and Their Unaffected Siblings

Rebouças

Rabelo‐da‐Ponte

Massuda

et al. 2018

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Background: Verbal memory impairment may be considered an endophenotype in schizophrenia (SZ), also affecting the siblings of SZ subjects. Furthermore, the immune-inflammatory system response has an important modulatory effect on brain processes, especially on memory circuits. Objective: Investigating the relationship between TNF-α and IL-6 and memory performance in patients with SZ, their unaffected siblings (SB) and healthy controls (HC). Methods: 35 subjects with SZ, 36 SB, and 47 HC underwent a neurocognitive assessment for verbal memory by means of the revised Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT-R) in addition to serum cytokines analyses. Results: SZ patients performed worse in HVLT-R than SB and HC, but SB and HC were not different. Regarding the biomarker levels, we found significant results of TNF-α for both groups. However, we did not find differences between groups after multiple-comparisons analysis. There were no significant correlations between episodic verbal memory, TNF-α, and IL-6. Conclusion: The results are compatible with the hypothesis that deficits in verbal memory of individuals with SZ could be secondary to inadequate functioning of cognitive processing areas, such as proactive cognitive control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Cytokines and Verbal Memory in Individuals with Schizophrenia and Their Unaffected Siblings

Rebouças

Rabelo‐da‐Ponte

Massuda

et al. 2018

Neuroimmunomodulation

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“…showed that patients with schizophrenia with a compromised IQ had smaller‐than‐normal total brain volume, intracranial volume, total brain volume corrected for intracranial volume, cortical gray matter volume, cortical thickness, and insula volume. They also reported that patients with schizophrenia with a preserved IQ showed reduced cortical gray matter volume and cortical thickness . Weinberg et al .…”

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confidence: 96%

“…This variability seems to suggest potential heterogeneity in the neuropathology of schizophrenia based on cognitive status. Furthermore, the following two studies reported that there were different alterations in brain structures in patients with schizophrenia classified according to these cognitive subgroups . Czepielewski et al .…”

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confidence: 99%

Brain morphological and functional features in cognitive subgroups of schizophrenia

Yasuda

Okada

Nemoto

et al. 2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim Previous studies have reported different brain morphologies in different cognitive subgroups of patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to examine the brain structures and functional connectivity in these cognitive subgroups of schizophrenia. Methods We compared brain structures among healthy controls and cognitively deteriorated and preserved subgroups of patients with schizophrenia according to the decline in IQ. Connectivity analyses between subcortical regions and other brain areas were performed using resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging among the groups. Results Whole brain and total cortical gray matter, right fusiform gyrus, left pars orbitalis gyrus, right pars triangularis, left superior temporal gyrus and left insula volumes, and bilateral cortical thickness were decreased in the deteriorated group compared to the control and preserved groups. Both schizophrenia subgroups had increased left lateral ventricle, right putamen and left pallidum, and decreased bilateral hippocampus, left precentral gyrus, right rostral middle frontal gyrus, and bilateral superior frontal gyrus volumes compared with controls. Hyperconnectivity between the thalamus and a broad range of brain regions was observed in the deteriorated group compared to connectivity in the control group, and this hyperconnectivity was less evident in the preserved group. We also found hyperconnectivity between the accumbens and the superior and middle frontal gyri in the preserved group compared with connectivity in the deteriorated group. Conclusion These findings provide evidence of prominent structural and functional brain abnormalities in deteriorated patients with schizophrenia, suggesting that cognitive subgroups in schizophrenia might be useful biotypes to elucidate brain pathophysiology for new diagnostic and treatment strategies.

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“…Our present results reveal novel associations between eye‐movement measures and cortical thickness of the left pars opercularis in SCZ. Eye movements are known to be associated with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)‐III measures and cortical thickness alterations have been linked to changes of intellectual functioning in SCZ . After controlling for further factors related to intelligence and education (education, estimated premorbid IQ, and WAIS‐III full‐scale IQ), these correlations were weakened (integrated eye‐movement score, R = 0.23, p = 2.63 × 10 −2 ; scanpath length, R = 0.26, p = 1.28 × 10 −2 ; see Table S4 for full results in participants with SCZ and Table S5 for results in healthy controls).…”

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confidence: 99%

Eye‐movement characteristics of schizophrenia and their association with cortical thickness

Morita

Miura

Fujimoto

et al. 2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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The Relationship of Intellectual Functioning and Cognitive Performance to Brain Structure in Schizophrenia

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

The Relationship between Cytokines and Verbal Memory in Individuals with Schizophrenia and Their Unaffected Siblings

The Relationship between Cytokines and Verbal Memory in Individuals with Schizophrenia and Their Unaffected Siblings

Brain morphological and functional features in cognitive subgroups of schizophrenia

Eye‐movement characteristics of schizophrenia and their association with cortical thickness

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