The Relationship of the Lateral Cord of the Brachial Plexus to the Coracoid Process during Arthroscopic Coracoid Surgery

Pan, Woei-Jack; Teo, Y S; Chang, Haw-Chong; Chong, K C; Karim, Sarina Abdul

doi:10.1177/0363546508317719

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The mean distance of lateral cord to coracoid process was 28.5 mm. Pan et al 12 in 2008 observed the reduction of this distance with increase in arm abduction. In present study, the lateral cord was much longer on right (60.7 mm) than on left side (10.6 mm) and because of smaller length it terminated above clavicle on the left side.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bilateral Variation of Lateral Root of Median Nerve traversing through Coracobrachialis Muscle

Sahni¹,

Gupta²,

Aggarwal³

et al. 2016

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research

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An unusual bilateral variation of lateral root of median nerve piercing through coracobrachialis muscle is presented. Two nerve filaments to coracobrachialis muscle took unusual origin from medial cord, which crossed the axillary artery from medial to lateral side before entering the muscle. Variation of lateral root of median nerve may be clinically significant, as hitherto unreported entrapment neuropathy of median nerve along with musculocutaneous may occur at the arm level while passing through coracobrachialis muscle or it may be injured during any surgical intervention around shoulder joint. Nerves to coracobrachialis are at risk during unusual abduction of arm or surgical manipulation of axillary artery. How to cite this article Aggarwal A, Gupta T, Aggarwal A, Sahni D. Bilateral Variation of Lateral Root of Median Nerve traversing through Coracobrachialis Muscle. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):159-161.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Bilateral Variation of Lateral Root of Median Nerve traversing through Coracobrachialis Muscle

Sahni¹,

Gupta²,

Aggarwal³

et al. 2016

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research

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show abstract

“…Considering this, the possibility of direct injury due to technical factors during surgery seems more likely than injury caused by posture traction in our case. We suggest that the isolated injury of the lateral pectoral nerve could be caused by traction or direct injury from intraoperative procedures; therefore, this requires the attention of surgeons [7].…”

Section: Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Lateral Pectoral Nerve Injury Associated with Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy for Primary Hyperhidrosis

Kim¹,

Kang²,

Kim³

et al. 2020

J Electrodiagn Neuromuscul Dis

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brachial plexus and controls the pectoralis major muscle. Isolated injury of the lateral pectoral nerve represents a rare injury to the branch of the brachial plexus [3]. According to a few reports, injury of the lateral pectoral nerve occurs due to a traction injury from trauma caused by a seat belt or sports activities [3-4]. There have been no previous reports on lateral pectoral nerve injury after endoscopic surgery for hyperhidrosis [3-4]. In this report, we present a case of lateral pectoral nerve injury after endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy with clinical symptoms of focal muscle atrophy, tingling sensation, and numbness.

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“…They determined that the musculocutaneous nerve (28.5 mm AE 4.4 mm) was closest to the coracoid tip and that the axillary nerve was closest to the coracoid base (29.3 mm AE 5.6 mm). Similarly, Pan et al 4 carefully dissected the musculocutaneous nerve and positioned the arm at 30 and 60 of abduction. In their study, they found that the musculocutaneous nerve was closest with the arm in 60 of abduction (23.4 mm), but in 1 specimen was as close as 14.4 mm, highlighting the substantial variation between cadaveric specimens.…”

Section: See Related Article On Page 372mentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial Commentary: Working Around the Coracoid—The Lighthouse to the Shoulder

Matthewson

2019

Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery

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Working around the coracoid has now become commonplace in arthroscopic shoulder surgery. No longer is there a safe side and a "suicide"; therefore, it is important to recognize the potential for neurovascular injury when surgery is performed about the coracoid. Although safe zones and distances are important, when more complex procedures are performed arthroscopically, direct visualization and identification of neurovascular structures is critical in avoiding iatrogenic injury.

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The Relationship of the Lateral Cord of the Brachial Plexus to the Coracoid Process during Arthroscopic Coracoid Surgery

Abstract: The margin of safety for lateral cord injury during arthroscopic surgery around the coracoid process is improved with lower abduction angles in the lateral decubitus position.

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Bilateral Variation of Lateral Root of Median Nerve traversing through Coracobrachialis Muscle

Bilateral Variation of Lateral Root of Median Nerve traversing through Coracobrachialis Muscle

A Rare Case of Lateral Pectoral Nerve Injury Associated with Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy for Primary Hyperhidrosis

Editorial Commentary: Working Around the Coracoid—The Lighthouse to the Shoulder

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