The relationships among gut microbiota, hypoxia‐inducible factor and anaemia with chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Gut microbiota plays a vital role in human intestinal homeostasis, correlating strongly with the progression of numerous diseases. Recent researches provide powerful evidence that the connections exist between gut microbiota and renal anaemia. Gut microbiota may have an impact on renal anaemia by regulating the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signalling, iron metabolism and inflammatory state. Because of this relationship, there may be potential treatments for renal anaemia. In this review, we will first provide an overview of current research progression on anaemia in chronic kidney disease and then introduce the relations among gut microbiota, HIF, and renal anaemia to explore the possible treatment options.

The impact of hypoxia-inducible factors in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases: a link through cell metabolism

“…Thus, changes in microbiota can result in abnormal colonocyte function [ 167 ]. In colonocytes, absorbed butyrate can be converted to acetyl-CoA through β-oxidation in mitochondria, contributing to the consumption of oxygen and activation of HIF-1α and transcription of its target genes [ 168 ]. Zhou et al [ 169 ] demonstrated that intestinal epithelial-specific deletion of HIF-1α changed the composition of the gut microbiota and decreased butyrate production, increasing the susceptibility of mice to induced colitis.…”

Exposure to Veterinary Antibiotics via Food Chain Disrupts Gut Microbiota and Drives Increased Escherichia coli Virulence and Drug Resistance in Young Adults

“…[3][4][5]. The disrupted gut microbiota can increase the risk for several health complications, including decreased resistance against bacterial pathogens, predisposition to autoimmune and allergic diseases, and some chronic diseases [6][7][8]. Since VAs and PVAs are widely used in livestock and aquaculture around the world [9,10], exposure to them is unavoidable.…”