The relationships among saccharin consumption, oral ethanol, and IV cocaine self-administration

Gahtan, Ethan; LaBounty, Lynda P.; Wyvell, Cindy L.; Carroll, Marilyn E.

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(95)02148-5

Cited by 52 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, it is difficult to compare acquisition in a single 18-h session with that which occurs over ten 90-min sessions. Additional factors that complicate the comparisons of the present report with those of Gahtan et al (1996) and Gosnell et al (1998) include the differences in taste properties and caloric values of the sweeteners, the method of presenting the sweeteners (granulated vs solution), and the use of a saline injection as a mild stressor. It is therefore difficult to draw conclusions about the specificity of the observed results for sucrose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Rats with low versus high preferences for a saccharin solution did not differ in cocaine intake or in acquisition of cocaine self-administration (Gahtan et al 1996). Gosnell et al (1998) reported that, in a subset of rats, there appeared to be an "inverted-U" relationship between avidity for saccharin and the self-administration of cocaine in an initial 18-h session, such that rats with an intermediate avidity self-administered more cocaine than those with lower or higher avidities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Gahtan et al (1996) found no difference between high and low saccharinconsuming rats in the acquisition of cocaine self-administration or in the amount self-administered. Similarly, Gosnell et al (1998) found no overall relationship between saccharin avidity and cocaine self-administration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Sucrose intake predicts rate of acquisition of cocaine self-administration

Gosnell¹

2000

Psychopharmacology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Sucrose intake predicts rate of acquisition of cocaine self-administration

Gosnell¹

2000

Psychopharmacology

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“…For example, Carroll and her associates have reported that pairings of the insertion of a lever CS with intravenous administration of drug reward US induced the automatic "shaping" of lever-pressing for drug self-administration in rats. Procedures of this sort have been employed to induce reliable leverpressing for the self-administration of the cocaine US (Carroll and Lac, 1993, 1998Specker et al, 1994;Gahtan et al, 1996;Lynch and Carroll, 1999;Lynch et al, 2001;Campbell and Carroll, 2001;Campbell et al, 2002;Carroll et al, 2002;Roth et al, 2002; see also Panlilio et al, 1996;Weiss et al, 2003 c.f., Di Ciano andKearns and Weiss, 2004), orthe self-administration of the amphetamine US (Carroll and Lac, 1997) or the self-administration of the heroin US (Lynch and Carroll, 1999;Carroll et al, 2002;Roth et al, 2002). In all of these studies, rats developed increasingly frequent lever-pressing as a function of experience with repeated pairings of lever CS with rewarding drug US.…”

Section: Sign-tracking Induced By Abused Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral characteristics and neurobiological substrates shared by Pavlovian sign-tracking and drug abuse

Tomie

Grimes

Pohorecky

2008

Brain Research Reviews

153

134

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Drug abuse researchers have noted striking similarities between behaviors elicited by Pavlovian signtracking procedures and prominent symptoms of drug abuse. In Pavlovian sign-tracking procedures, repeated paired presentations of a small object (conditioned stimulus, CS) with a reward (unconditioned stimulus, US) elicits a conditioned response (CR) that typically consists of approaching the CS, contacting the CS, and expressing consummatory responses at the CS. Signtracking CR performance is poorly controlled and exhibits spontaneous recovery and long-term retention, effects that resemble relapse. Sign-tracking resembles psychomotor activation, a syndrome of behavioral responses evoked by addictive drugs, and the effects of sign-tracking on corticosterone levels and activation of dopamine pathways resemble the neurobiological effects of abused drugs. Finally, the neurobiological profile of individuals susceptible to sign-tracking resembles the pathophysiological profile of vulnerability to drug abuse, and vulnerability to sign-tracking predicts vulnerability to impulsive responding and alcohol self-administration. Implications of sign-tracking for models of drug addiction are considered.

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“…Examples of drug-seeking-prone behaviors are voluntary or forced reactivity to a novel environment (Piazza et al, 1989(Piazza et al, , 1990(Piazza et al, , 2000Bardo et al, 1996;Klebaur and Bardo, 1999;Klebaur et al, 2001;Mantsch et al, 2001;Cain et al, 2004), novelty choice (Cain et al, 2005), wheel-running (Larson and Carroll 2005a), higher intake of saccharin-and sucrose-adulterated foods or liquids (Gahtan et al, 1996;Gosnell, 2000;Gosnell and Krahn, 1992;Gosnell et al, 1995) and dietary fat (Marks-Kaufman and Lipeles, 1982;Krahn and Gosnell, 1991), impulsiveness for food reward (Perry et al 2005(Perry et al , 2007c, and stress reactivity (Piazza and LeMoal, 1996;Homberg et al, 2002). This approach to identifying drug abuse vulnerability factors can also be accomplished by selective breeding for the phenotype of interest, and similar results have emerged in the case of saccharin intake and drug self-administration (Dess et al, 1998;Carroll et al, 2002Perry et al, 2007a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher locomotor response to cocaine in female (vs. male) rats selectively bred for high (HiS) and low (LoS) saccharin intake

Carroll

Anderson

Morgan

2007

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Rats selectively bred for high saccharin consumption (HiS) self-administer more oral ethanol and i.v. cocaine than those selectively bred for low saccharin consumption (LoS). Male and female drug-seeking-prone (HiS) and -resistant (LoS) rats were used in the present experiment to test the prediction that cocaine-induced locomotor activity and sensitization varied with sex and their selective breeding status (HiS and LoS). All rats were intermittently exposed over 2 weeks to pairs of sequential saline and cocaine injections, separated by 45 min. The first 5 pairs of injections, each separated by 2-3 days (10-12 days total), were given to examine the development of cocaineinduced locomotor activity and the development of locomotor sensitization, which was determined by comparing the effects of cocaine injection 1 with injection 6, which was given 2 weeks after the 5 pairs of intermittent injections. Results indicated that after the first injection pair (saline, cocaine) the HiS and LoS groups did not differ (saline vs. cocaine) in locomotor activity; however, after cocaine injections 1, 5 and 6, HiS females were more active than HiS males and LoS females. There were also significant phenotype differences (HiS > LoS) in locomotor activity after cocaine injections 5 and 6. There was only a weak sensitization effect in cocaine-induced locomotor activity in HiS females after cocaine injection 5 (compared to 1); however it was not present after injection 6 or in other groups. The lack of a strong sensitization effect under these temporal and dose conditions was inconsistent with previous reports. However, the results showing HiS > LoS and females > males on cocaine-induced activity measures are consistent with several measures of cocaine-seeking behavior (acquisition, maintenance, escalation, extinction, and reinstatement), and they suggest that cocaine-induced locomotor activity and sensitization are behavioral markers of drug-seeking phenotypes.

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The relationships among saccharin consumption, oral ethanol, and IV cocaine self-administration

Cited by 52 publications

References 19 publications

Sucrose intake predicts rate of acquisition of cocaine self-administration

Sucrose intake predicts rate of acquisition of cocaine self-administration

Behavioral characteristics and neurobiological substrates shared by Pavlovian sign-tracking and drug abuse

Higher locomotor response to cocaine in female (vs. male) rats selectively bred for high (HiS) and low (LoS) saccharin intake

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