The Relationships Among Umbelliferone, Growth, and Peroxidase Levels in Cucumber Roots

Jankay, Peter; Muller, Walter H.

doi:10.2307/2441675

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In fact, in this study, root tips became thinner under excessive GAs (Table 3), as previously reported in carrot and Eucalyptus grandis (Wang et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2018). A wider root diameter has also been described in the arm, sabre, cobra, erh-1, pom-pom1 and α-tubulin under-expressing mutants, and in plants exposed to 1-butanol, umbelliferone, gamma irradiation or P deficiency (Jankay & Muller, 1976;Schneider et al, 1997;Bao et al, 2001;Ma et al, 2001;Gardiner et al, 2003;Nagata et al, 2004;Hermans et al, 2010;Pietra, 2014). Moreover, the reduction of the actin cytoskeleton induces the radial expansion of plant cells, making them shorter and wider, as the interphase MT determine the direction of plant cell elongation (Baluška et al, 2001;Bao et al, 2001).…”

Section: Excessive Levels Of Gas/dellas Modified the Outgrowth Of Lateral Roots In Root Tips Of A Thaliana Seedlingssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Shortening and radial expansion of root cortical and endodermal cells has also been reported in the cobra, pom-1 (both cellulose deficient), shoebox (GA biosynthesis-impaired), dgl1 (GA-insensitive), TUA6/AS (α-tubulin-deficient), erh, sabre, PLD (phospholipase D), wer, scm and jkd mutants, in plants treated with umbelliferone (a cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor), MT-breaking drugs or 1-butanol (an inhibitor of PLD), and in plants stressed by salinity, gamma irradiation or mineral deficiency (Fe, P) (Jankay and Muller, 1976;Schiefelbein et al, 1997;Schneider et al, 1997;Bao et al, 2001;Ma et al, 2001;Scheres et al, 2002;Gardiner et al, 2003;Nagata et al, 2004;Komorisono et al, 2005;Welch et al, 2007;Dinneny et al, 2008;Pietra et al, 2015;Janes et al, 2018). Cortical cell expansion as a result of excessive DELLAs has also been described by Benfey et al, (1993).…”

Section: Excessive Levels Of Gas/dellas Modified the Outgrowth Of Lateral Roots In Root Tips Of A Thaliana Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a connection exists between aberrant orientation of MT and reduced cell elongation, as MT regulate the oriented deposition of cellulose microfibrills that determines the direction of cell elongation (Burk and Ye, 2002). More specifically, MT are essential for anisotropic cell expansion because they direct the insertion of cellulose synthase in the CW and guide the orientation of cellulose microfibrills to a perpendicular position with respect to the growth axis, thereby restricting radial cell expansion (Jankay and Muller 1976;Lin et al, 2013). Interestingly, mutations in P60 katanin protein, essential for anisotropic cell growth, cause an inappropriate feedback regulation of the DGL1 gen for GAs biosynthesis (Komorisono et al, 2005).…”

Section: Excessive Levels Of Gas/dellas Modified the Outgrowth Of Lateral Roots In Root Tips Of A Thaliana Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supra-physiological levels of gibberellins/DELLAs modify the root cell size/number and the root architecture in root tips of A. thaliana seedlings. Connections to the root hair patterning and abundance

McCarthy-Suárez

2021

Preprint

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A previous study (McCarthy-Suarez, 2021) showed that growing A. thaliana seedlings for 5 days under excessive levels of gibberellins (GAs)/DELLAs altered the arrangement, shape and frequency of root hairs in root tips. Because no changes in the distribution or number of root hairs occurred when the gai-1 (gibberellin-insensitive-1) DELLA was over-expressed at the root epidermis, it was concluded that the GAs/DELLAs might regulate the root hair patterning and abundance in A. thaliana seedlings by acting from the root sub-epidermal tissues. In the present study, microscopy analyses showed that excessive levels of GAs/DELLAs also modified the size and number of root tip cells in A. thaliana seedlings. While excessive DELLAs shortened and widened the root epidermal, cortical, endodermal and pericycle cells, excessive GAs, excepting the epidermal cells, generally narrowed them. However, no changes of root cell size occurred when gai-1 was over-expressed at the root epidermis. In addition, high levels of DELLAs often induced extra cells at the root epidermis, cortex, endodermis and pericycle, whereas high levels of GAs sometimes induced extra cells at the root cortex and pericycle. On the other hand, excessive levels of DELLAs enhanced the outgrowth of lateral roots in root tips, unlike excessive levels of GAs. Thus, the results of this study suggest that supra-physiological levels of GAs/DELLAs might modify the size/number of root tip cells by acting from the root sub-epidermal tissues. This, in turn, might impact on the patterning and abundance of root hairs and on the root architecture.

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Section: Excessive Levels Of Gas/dellas Modified the Outgrowth Of Lateral Roots In Root Tips Of A Thaliana Seedlingssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Excessive Levels Of Gas/dellas Modified the Outgrowth Of Lateral Roots In Root Tips Of A Thaliana Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Excessive Levels Of Gas/dellas Modified the Outgrowth Of Lateral Roots In Root Tips Of A Thaliana Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supra-physiological levels of gibberellins/DELLAs modify the root cell size/number and the root architecture in root tips of A. thaliana seedlings. Connections to the root hair patterning and abundance

McCarthy-Suárez

2021

Preprint

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“…Some of the earliest work on the action of allelochemicals showed that exposure to volatile monoterpenes, primarily cineole and camphor, reduced cell division and resulted in root cells of greater diameter, reduced length, irregular nuclei, and large internal globules (43). Coumarins cause similar changes in root cell width to length dimensions and cells are highly vacuolated compared to controls (44)(45). Coumarin and scopoletin also decrease mitosis (46).…”

Section: Biosynthesis and Distribution Metabolism Studies Of Van Summentioning

confidence: 80%

Mechanism of Action of Allelochemicals in Allelopathy

Einhellig

1994

ACS Symposium Series

214

170

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The primary mode of action has not been established for any allelopathic compound, albeit some physiological actions are known. The array of compounds cuts across many chemical classes, and it is unlikely they have a common mechanism of action. Allelochemicals active against higher plants are typically characterized as suppressing seed germination, causing injury to root growth and other meristems, or inhibiting seedling growth.A primary action on ATP production is indicated for the two quinones, juglone and sorgoleone, since they inhibit chloroplast oxygen evolution (I 50 = 0.2 and 2.0 μM respectively) and strongly affect mitochondrial functions.The chloroplast block by sorgoleone is in the photosystem II complex. Cinnamic and benzoic acid derivatives alter membrane potential and have several physiological effects that suggest membrane perturbations are their initial site of action. Their thresholds (100 to 1000 μM) for inhibition of seedling growth, singly or in combinations, correlate with impairment of plant-water relationships. These phenolic compounds also alter mineral uptake, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, carbon flow, and phytohormone activity. Phytotoxicity of many allelopathic chemicals may be from a generalized cellular disruption rather than a specific mechanism. A case study of Sorghum allelopathy suggests that inhibition of a receiving species results from the joint action of a number of allelochemicals with different cellular sites of action.Efforts to explain the phenomenon of allelopathy are ultimately challenged to identify the site, or sites, of action of the chemicals involved. However, this lofty goal has seldom come to fruition (1). Success has been greatest in localizing the subcellular target of activity for certain antibiotics and other microbial toxins (2-4).

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“…However, although the aerial parts are strongly influenced by allelochemicals, the root system is likely to be the first organ influenced by these compounds, interfering with its form and functions (Hartley and Whitehead 1985;Blum 1996). Many authors have observed the effects of coumarin (Svensson 1971;Aliotta et al 1993;Abenavoli et al 2001;Lupini et al 2010;Lupini et al 2014), umbelliferone (Jankay and Muller 1976;Kupidlowska et al 1994;Abenavoli et al 2008), and cinnamic acids (Vaughan and Ord 1991;Yu and Matsui 1997;Abenavoli et al 2008) on root morphology and physiology. Changes in lipid metabolism and protein synthesis of cucumber roots were observed after exposure of allelochemicals extracts from rye (Burgos et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and physiological effects of trans-cinnamic acid and its hydroxylated derivatives on maize root types

et al. 2015

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Roots encounter cinnamic acid and its hydroxylated derivatives that are commonly found in soils. However, root systems consist of different root types with different morphological and physiological characteristics. Very little is known about the responses and adaptation mechanisms of the root types to cinnamic acid and its hydroxylated derivatives. In this study, the morphological and physiological responses of different maize root types exposed to different concentrations of t-cinnamic, ferulic, caffeic or p-coumaric acids were investigated. The results showed that the effects of allelochemicals were dependent on concentration, chemical structure, root type and process considered. In particular, t-cinnamic acid was characterized by higher allelopathic activity when compared with its derivatives, where a hydroxyl or methyl groups were present in aromatic ring. Among root types it was possible to delineate the following tolerance hierarchy: primary [ seminal [ nodal [ lateral of the primary = lateral of the seminal roots. Moreover, primary and seminal roots showed a different strategy to cope the chemical stress by either increasing or decreasing specific root length. Finally, an electrophysiological approach identified an involvement of proton pump activity and consequently a decrease in nitrate uptake.

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The Relationships Among Umbelliferone, Growth, and Peroxidase Levels in Cucumber Roots

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Supra-physiological levels of gibberellins/DELLAs modify the root cell size/number and the root architecture in root tips of A. thaliana seedlings. Connections to the root hair patterning and abundance

Supra-physiological levels of gibberellins/DELLAs modify the root cell size/number and the root architecture in root tips of A. thaliana seedlings. Connections to the root hair patterning and abundance

Mechanism of Action of Allelochemicals in Allelopathy

Morphological and physiological effects of trans-cinnamic acid and its hydroxylated derivatives on maize root types

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