The relationships between faecal egg counts and gut microbial composition in UK Thoroughbreds infected by cyathostomins

Peachey, Laura; Molena, R A; Jenkins, Timothy; Cesare, Angela Di; Traversa, Donato; Hodgkinson, Jane E.; Cantacessi, Cinzia

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2017.11.003

Cited by 45 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…For each Rodents and Non-rodents, gut microbial communities formed two separate clusters according to helminth-colonisation status, thus providing support to a role of GI and EI parasite infections in shaping the gut bacterial make-up of infected hosts [20][21][22]. Of note, the pooling of 16S rRNA datasets generated from multiple studies allowed to detect statistically significant differences between the gut microbial profiles of helminth-infected and uninfected hosts that were previously unreported due to limitations in the numbers of specimens analysed in individual experiments [28,56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

MICHELINdb: a web-based tool for mining of helminth-microbiota interaction datasets, and a meta-analysis of current research

et al. 2020

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Background: The complex network of interactions occurring between gastrointestinal (GI) and extra-intestinal (EI) parasitic helminths of humans and animals and the resident gut microbial flora is attracting increasing attention from biomedical researchers, because of the likely implications for the pathophysiology of helminth infection and disease. Nevertheless, the vast heterogeneity of study designs and microbial community profiling strategies, and of bioinformatic and biostatistical approaches for analyses of metagenomic sequence datasets hinder the identification of bacterial targets for follow-up experimental investigations of helminth-microbiota cross-talk. Furthermore, comparative analyses of published datasets are made difficult by the unavailability of a unique repository for metagenomic sequence data and associated metadata linked to studies aimed to explore potential changes in the composition of the vertebrate gut microbiota in response to GI and/or EI helminth infections. Results: Here, we undertake a meta-analysis of available metagenomic sequence data linked to published studies on helminth-microbiota cross-talk in humans and veterinary species using a single bioinformatic pipeline, and introduce the 'MICrobiome HELminth INteractions database' (MICHELINdb), an online resource for mining of published sequence datasets, and corresponding metadata, generated in these investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

MICHELINdb: a web-based tool for mining of helminth-microbiota interaction datasets, and a meta-analysis of current research

et al. 2020

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“…A systems biology approach, drawing insights from diverse host environments (e.g. including livestock and wildlife systems), pathogen combinations and stages of infection [41,44,[47][48][49] 36. Which genotypes of livestock hold natural resistance to helminths, and how can they be exploited in modern production systems?…”

Section: Helminths Interact With Other Infections But Consequences Varymentioning

confidence: 99%

100 Questions in Livestock Helminthology Research

Morgan

Aziz

Blanchard³

et al. 2019

Trends in Parasitology

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An elicitation exercise was conducted to collect and identify pressing questions concerning the study of helminths in livestock, to help guide research priorities. Questions were invited from the research community in an inclusive way. Of 385 questions submitted, 100 were chosen by online vote, with priority given to open questions in important areas that are specific enough to permit investigation within a focused project or programme of research. The final list of questions was divided into ten themes. We present the questions and set them briefly in the context of the current state of knowledge. Although subjective, results provide a snapshot of current concerns and perceived priorities in the field of livestock helminthology, and we hope will stimulate ongoing or new research efforts.

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“…In equine species, the impact of large intestine-dwelling nematodes, i.e. the Cyathostominae, on gut microbiota composition has been recently investigated using faecal samples from chronically infected adult mares [91], as well as from foals with acute cyathostominosis [90]. Once ingested, cyathostomin larvae invade and encyst within the large intestinal mucosa of their equine hosts, to subsequently emerge in the gut lumen to complete their development to adult males and females [92].…”

Section: Large Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once ingested, cyathostomin larvae invade and encyst within the large intestinal mucosa of their equine hosts, to subsequently emerge in the gut lumen to complete their development to adult males and females [92]. Whilst a reduced gut microbial richness was associated with acute infection in young parasitized animals, a trend towards an increased gut microbial alpha diversity was observed in chronically infected adults [90,91]. These differences suggest that parasite-mediated alterations in gut microbiota composition in this host-parasite pair differ according to age-based alterations in immune responses mounted against these helminths, a hypothesis that requires thorough testing.…”

Section: Large Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

Helminth-microbiota cross-talk – A journey through the vertebrate digestive system

Cortés

Peachey

Scotti

et al. 2019

Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology

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The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of vertebrates is inhabited by a vast array of organisms, that is, the microbiota and macrobiota. The former is composed largely of commensal microorganisms, which play vital roles in host nutrition and maintenance of energy balance, in addition to supporting the development and function of the vertebrate immune system. By contrast, the macrobiota includes parasitic helminths, which are mostly considered detrimental to host health via a range of pathogenic effects that depend on parasite size, location in the GI tract, burden of infection, metabolic activity, and interactions with the host immune system. Sharing the same environment within the vertebrate host, the GI microbiota and parasitic helminths interact with each other, and the results of such interactions may impact, directly or indirectly, on host health and homeostasis. The complex relationships occurring between parasitic helminths and microbiota have long been neglected; however, recent studies point towards a role for these interactions in the overall pathophysiology of helminth disease, as well as in parasite-mediated suppression of inflammation. Whilst several discrepancies in qualitative and quantitative modifications in gut microbiota composition have been described based on host and helminth species under investigation, we argue that attention should be paid to the systems biology of the gut compartment under consideration, as variations in the abundances of the same population of bacteria inhabiting different niches of the GI tract may result in varying functional consequences for host physiology.

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The relationships between faecal egg counts and gut microbial composition in UK Thoroughbreds infected by cyathostomins

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 45 publications

References 92 publications

MICHELINdb: a web-based tool for mining of helminth-microbiota interaction datasets, and a meta-analysis of current research

MICHELINdb: a web-based tool for mining of helminth-microbiota interaction datasets, and a meta-analysis of current research

100 Questions in Livestock Helminthology Research

Helminth-microbiota cross-talk – A journey through the vertebrate digestive system

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