The Relative Importance of Genetic Diversity and Phenotypic Plasticity in Determining Invasion Success of a Clonal Weed in the USA and China

Geng, Yupeng; Klinken, Rieks D. van; Sosa, Alejandro; Li, Bo; Chen, Jiakuan; Xu, Cheng‐Yuan

doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00213

Cited by 80 publications

(101 citation statements)

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“…Stem fragments of plants of A. philoxeroides were collected from five locations in the United States (introduced range) and five locations in Argentina (native range) in 2005 and 2006, respectively (Table ; Figure ). In a previous study, we found that each of the sampled plants was characterized by a unique multilocus genotype (Geng et al, ). The sampled genotypes were transplanted in a greenhouse and vegetatively propagated three times to remove potential differences due to environmental maternal carry‐over effects (Schwaegerle, McIntyre, & Swingley, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…S1; Figure S2). In a previous study, we found that each of the sampled plants was characterized by a unique multilocus genotype (Geng et al, 2016). The sampled genotypes were transplanted in a greenhouse and vegetatively propagated three times to remove potential differences due to environmental maternal carry-over effects (Schwaegerle, McIntyre, & Swingley, 2000).…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of increased intraspecific competitive ability following introduction: The importance of relatedness among genotypes

et al. 2018

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A long‐standing explanation for invasion success is that invasive plants could evolve to be more competitive following introduction. This evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis, however, has seldom been tested with regard to intraspecific competition. Given that plants can display different responses to related and unrelated conspecifics, the evolution of intraspecific competitive ability might be specific to genotypes of different relatedness. Here, we grew five native (South American) and five introduced (North American) genotypes of the clonal herbaceous invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides alone, with above‐ground competition from kin (the same genotype) or from one of two types of strangers (another genotype from the same range or another genotype from the other range). When grown alone, introduced and native genotypes produced similar total biomass and storage‐root biomass. However, in response to intraspecific competition, introduced genotypes showed increases in total biomass and stem length, and a decrease in specific stem length, whereas native genotypes showed the opposite pattern. When grown with kin instead of strangers, introduced genotypes showed an increase in branch number, whereas native genotypes showed the opposite. Synthesis. Our study provided evidence for evolution of increased intraspecific competitive ability in an invasive plant. We also found, for the first time, that the interactions among kin were likely to shift from competition towards facilitation following introduction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of increased intraspecific competitive ability following introduction: The importance of relatedness among genotypes

et al. 2018

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“…) and may be critical in range expansion (Geng et al . ). It may have initially aided adaptation into the secondary invasion areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Geng et al . ) could also reduce fitness. Phenotypic plasticity is considered to be a trait that is potentially beneficial across habitats (Nicotra et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of plasticity in life‐history strategy associated with secondary invasion into stressful environments in invasive narrowleaf plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.)

2018

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Adaptation to changing environments is a fundamental process occurring throughout a species' range, particularly under novel and stressful conditions at the range-edges of invasive species. However, the evolutionary consequences associated with adaptation are still poorly understood. Secondary invasion into stressful areas may incur fitness costs that could limit range expansion. In addition, developmental plasticity is predicted to be lost under strong selection in stressful habitats. We assessed populations across a range transect of an invasive plant (Plantago lanceolata L.) for a loss of developmental plasticity and for adaptation costs, where there was prior expansion inland into stressful and novel areas from relatively benign areas closer to the coast. In the glasshouse, we grew plants from seed originating from two secondary invasion locations (near-edge and edge), and from the range centre location representing the area of primary invasion. Plants were exposed to high or low nutrient treatment, and novel copper stress and control (no copper) treatment to assess adaptation costs associated with secondary invasion. In addition, we compared the costs in near-edge and edge plants. Developmental plasticity in life-history traits was lost for secondary invasion plants compared to plants from the range centre. Plants from secondary invasion locations expressed a slower life-history under both nutrient treatments. In contrast, range-centre plants were able to switch to a faster life-history under high nutrient treatment. Our copper treatment had only slight effects on plants, where they expressed intermediate specific leaf area (SLA) under copper treatment. Near-edge plants had the lowest plant size and reproduction. The loss of plasticity associated with secondary invasion may have implications on evolution in range-edge populations. Phenotypic plasticity may have initially mediated ecological adaptation to stressful habitats; however, adaptation to stressful conditions can also have the consequence of inhibiting further range expansion in invasive species.

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“…Phenotypic plasticity is considered as one of the underlying mechanisms of general purpose genotype (GPG) model (Massicotte and Angers 2012) and is more important in rapidly fluctuating habitats (Clements and Ditommaso 2011). Many studies have highlighted the role of phenotypic plasticity on the successful invasion of exotic plant species (Hagenblad et al 2015;van Kleunen et al 2010), mostly for clonal species for which local adaptation is usually not observed (Geng et al 2016). Clones of an invasive species Alternanthera philoxeroides showed varying levels of genetic diversity (in terms of both ISSR marker diversity and quantitative trait variation) between and within its native range (Argentina) and two invasive ranges -China and the USA (Geng et al 2016).…”

Section: Genetic Adaptation Paradox and Epigenetic Regulation Of Phenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and epigenetic regulation of phenotypic variation in invasive plants – linking research trends towards a unified framework

Banerjee¹,

Guo²,

Huang³

2019

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Phenotypic variation in the introduced range of an invasive species can be modified by genetic variation, environmental conditions and their interaction, as well as stochastic events like genetic drift. Recent studies found that epigenetic modifications may also contribute to phenotypic variation being independent of genetic changes. Despite gaining profound ecological insights from empirical studies, understanding the relative contributions of these molecular mechanisms behind phenotypic variation has received little attention for invasive plant species in particular. This review therefore aimed at summarizing and synthesizing information on the genetic and epigenetic basis of phenotypic variation of alien invasive plants in the introduced range and their evolutionary consequences. Transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic modifications was highlighted focusing on its influence on microevolution of the invasive plant species. We presented a comprehensive account of epigenetic regulation of phenotypic variation and its role in plant invasion in the presence of reduced standing genetic variation, inbreeding depression and associated genomic events which have often been observed during introduction and range expansion of an invasive alien species. Finally, taking clues from the studies conducted so far, we proposed a unified framework of future experimental approaches to understand ecological and evolutionary aspects of phenotypic variation. This holistic approach, being aligned to the invasion process in particular (introduction-establishment-spread), was intended to understand the molecular mechanisms of phenotypic variation of an invasive species in its introduced range and to disentangle the effects of standing genetic variation and epigenetic regulation of phenotypic variation.

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The Relative Importance of Genetic Diversity and Phenotypic Plasticity in Determining Invasion Success of a Clonal Weed in the USA and China

Cited by 80 publications

References 65 publications

Evolution of increased intraspecific competitive ability following introduction: The importance of relatedness among genotypes

Evolution of increased intraspecific competitive ability following introduction: The importance of relatedness among genotypes

Loss of plasticity in life‐history strategy associated with secondary invasion into stressful environments in invasive narrowleaf plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.)

Genetic and epigenetic regulation of phenotypic variation in invasive plants – linking research trends towards a unified framework

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