ZEO-1 is the first stable extra-large pore zeolite with a substantial amount of aluminum in the framework achieved directly upon synthesis, and here we present a comprehensive analysis of its physicochemical properties. Our findings show that varying the different synthesis parameters of ZEO-1 allows for controlling its crystallization kinetics, crystal size, and morphology. Investigating the acidic properties of ZEO-1 using 27 Al and 1 H solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance shows that ZEO-1 exhibits potentially three different aluminum populations. The acidic nature of the hydroxyl species within ZEO-1 is studied using pyridine and 2,6-ditert-butylpyridine and carbon monoxide via in situ infrared spectroscopy, where the extinction coefficient for the 1545 cm −1 pyridinium band is determined. Density functional theory modeling suggests that the active sites within ZEO-1 potentially occupy four different tetrahedral sites, where three of these sites are most likely located within the 12-membered ring channel, while one site is located in the 16-membered ring channel. The catalytic performance comparison of ZEO-1 with zeolites Beta and USY in the alkylation of phenol by tert-butyl alcohol, n-hexane cracking, and anisole dismutation reveals intriguing insights. ZEO-1 exhibits selectivity similar to Beta zeolite, consistent with density functional theory modeling predictions. Despite displaying weaker overall Brønsted acid sites compared to Beta, ZEO-1's acidity remains comparable to USY zeolite. Moreover, ZEO-1 demonstrates consistent performance relative to large-pore zeolites with enhanced stability in the anisole dismutation test.