The Release of Substance P From Cultured Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons Requires the Non-neuronal Cells Around These Neurons

Abstract

Abstract. Substance P is known to be released from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, but the possible involvement of non-neuronal cells in the process of substance P release is not known. During the culture period, the number of surviving DRG neurons, the total substance P content from the culture medium and DRG cells, and the total protein of DRG cells were monitored. Both the number of surviving neurons and the total substance P content decreased in a time-dependent manner, whereas the total protein synthesis was increased. The localization of substance P in small-to-medium-sized neurons was further confirmed by immunocytochemistry. Finally, the substance P release levels from the neuronal and non-neuronal enrichments were investigated by radioimmunoassay. Both partially purified DRG neurons and non-neuronal cells exhibited a weaker substance P release response to capsaicin or KCl, relative to unpurified DRG cells. The total substance P content from the partially purified DRG neurons was almost the same as that from the unpurified DRG cells, but much more than that from the partially purified DRG non-neuronal cells. These findings suggest that substance P is released from DRG neurons, and this process should require the coexistence of neurons and non-neuronal cells.

Involvement of trigeminal ganglionic Nav1.7 in hyperalgesia of inflamed temporomandibular joint is dependent on ERK1/2 phosphorylation of glial cells in rats

“…The mediators interact with the neuron receptors to initiate cellular signal transduction pathways. Glial cells can release a variety of mediators, including NGF (Martin, ), substance P (Tang et al., ), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (Zhao et al., ) and interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) (Guo et al., ). The release of these substances can be regulated by pERK1/2 in the glials (Li et al., ; Williams et al., ; Amadoro et al., ; Zhao et al., ).…”

Up-Regulation of the Biosynthesis and Release of Substance P through Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Cells

“…The total proteins of the isolated L5 DRGs were extracted according to the manufacturer’s instructions (a Western & IP Cell Lysis Kit; Beyotime, Haimen, China). The protein concentrations of each fraction were determined using a Lowry protein assay [ 1 ]. Then equal amounts of protein were loaded onto 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane.…”

“…Substance P, encoded by the preprotachykinin-A ( PPT-A ) gene, is synthesized in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The nociceptive stimuli-evoked release of substance P from cultured DRG cells could be significantly attenuated by the inhibition of COX-2 [ 1 – 3 ]. Intrathecal injection of substance P induced spinal prostaglandin E 2 release and thermal hyperalgesia can also be reversed by spinal COX-2 inhibition [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Release of neuropeptides from a neuro-cutaneous co-culture model: A novel in vitro model for studying sensory effects of ciguatoxins

“…These cells contribute, among other things, to myelination of neuronal fibers (Stettner et al, 2013) and can be targeted by CTXs (Molgo et al, 1994). Moreover, NP release from DRG neurons has been shown to require Schwann cells (Tang et al, 2007). The role of the different cell types in P-CTX-2-induced NP release from the coculture remains to be established.…”