The relevance of gastrointestinal fistulae in clinical practice: a review

Cyanoacrylic tissue glues: Biochemical properties and their usage in urology

“…Reoperation increases both morbidity, and mortality rates. [38,39] Besides, they delay patients'return to their social activities, and prolong hospital stay. If second operation also fails, then the risk of morbidity, and mortality will also tremendously increase.…”

“…Therefore CA glues were used to shorten closure time of the fistula, and also prevent a second operation. [38][39][40] Previously, foams, and fibrin adhesives had been used to close enteric fistulas temporarily. These agents do not provide tensile, and bonding strength as achieved with CA glues.…”

Successful conservative treatment of enterocutaneous fistula with cyanoacrylate surgical sealant: case report

“…Post-operative fistulas occur frequently in standard abdominal surgery practice and only 15-25% arises spontaneously (1). These often result from an underlying disease such as Crohn's disease, malignancy, radio or chemotherapy, diverticular disease, vascular failure and ischemia of the mesentery (2,3). EC fistulas are associated with significant morbidity and mortality because the fistula often leads to nutritional deficits, septic complications and concomitant diseases that may appear as a result of prolonged hospital stay.…”

Recommendations of Association of Polish Surgeons and Polish Society of Oncological Surgery Gastrointestinal Fistulae in Patients Treated for Malignancy - Diagnostics and Treatment

“…Although early fistulae are believed to require an early surgical intervention, experience indicates that many of them can be successfully managed medically, unless there are signs and symptoms of peritonitis. Low-output fistula, effective draining and to some degree, late manifestation of a fistula after an operation (after 5-6 days), are believed to indicate good prognosis and possibility that the fistula will close with conservative treatment (1).…”

“…Gastrointestinal fistulae in patients treated for malignancy -diagnostics and treatment The timing of a fistula treatment, in particular first 24-48 hours after its diagnosis, especially in high gastrointestinal fistulas, is of utmost importance (1,11). At this time, the principle goal of treatment is to control the shock, correct fluid and electrolytes and acidbase abnormalities, supplement blood and protein, ensure effective drainage and protect the skin, drainage of the gastrointestinal tract by insertion a nasogastric probe to the stomach or gastrostomy.…”