The relevance of Nash equilibrium to psychiatric disorders

Patokos, Tassos

doi:10.1007/s11017-011-9175-z

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Pronouns, for example, may have been adopted over time because they enable speakers to express meaning to an interlocutor with a very small number of words that are easy to retrieve because they are highly frequent and can be used in most circumstances while minimizing the resources required to repeat a much less frequent noun phrase that is useful in a very limited number of circumstances. Finally, game theory provides a universal framework that quantifies several domains of human behavior, including but not limited to financial decision-making (Sanfey, Rilling, Aronson, Nystrom, & Cohen, 2003), learning (Camerer, 2003), social preferences (Camerer, 2003), mate selection (Miller & Todd, 1998) and psychiatric disorders (Patokos, in press). From this perspective, there is no a priori motivation for hypothesizing that decision-making during language processing is in some way distinct from other domains of human behavior, and we therefore hypothesize that similar decision-making mechanisms support language processing.…”

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confidence: 99%

fMRI evidence for strategic decision-making during resolution of pronoun reference

et al. 2012

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Pronouns are extraordinarily common in daily language yet little is known about the neural mechanisms that support decisions about pronoun reference. We propose a large-scale neural network for resolving pronoun reference that consists of two components. First, a core language network in peri-Sylvian cortex supports syntactic and semantic resources for interpreting pronoun meaning in sentences. Second, a frontal-parietal network that supports strategic decision-making is recruited to support probabilistic and risk-related components of resolving a pronoun’s referent. In an fMRI study of healthy young adults, we observed activation of left inferior frontal and superior temporal cortex, consistent with a language network. We also observed activation of brain regions not associated with traditional language areas. By manipulating the context of the pronoun, we were able to demonstrate recruitment of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during probabilistic evaluation of a pronoun’s reference, and orbital frontal activation when a pronoun must adopt a risky referent. Together, these findings are consistent with a two-component model for resolving a pronoun’s reference that includes neuroanatomic regions supporting core linguistic and decision-making mechanisms.

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confidence: 99%

fMRI evidence for strategic decision-making during resolution of pronoun reference

et al. 2012

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“…Game theory has been employed in psychological studies, for instance, to analyze the influence of a depressive mood on economic decisions modeled by the ultimatum game [10] and to describe psychiatric disorders as Nash disequilibria of the self, reflecting discordances between actions and beliefs [11]. The game introduced here relates investment in formal education to professional success.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Game Theory-Based Model for Predicting Depression due to Frustration in Competitive Environments

Loula

Monteiro

2020

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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A computational model based on game theory is here proposed to forecast the prevalence of depression caused by frustration in a competitive environment. This model comprises a spatially structured game, in which the individuals are socially connected. This game, which is equivalent to the well-known prisoner’s dilemma, represents the payoffs that can be received by the individuals in the labor market. These individuals may or may not have invested in a formal academic education. It is assumed that an individual becomes depressed when the difference between the average payoff earned by the neighbors in this game and the personal payoff surpasses a critical number, which can be distinct for men and women. Thus, the transition to depression depends on two thresholds, whose values are tuned for the model accurately predicting the percentage of individuals that become depressed due to a frustrating payoff. Here, this tuning is performed by using data of young adults living in the United Kingdom in 2014-2016.

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The medical-nursing combined cooperation mechanism of residents-hospital-pension in stitutions-based on tripartite evolutionary game research

LIU,

NIU,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The combination of medical care and nursing enables the elderly to obtain continuous health care and medical services, which can help alleviate the phenomenon of medical resource crowding and make the elderly have a sense of security. This study uses game theory to explore how to consider various institutions for their own interests under the government's mandatory medical and nursing cooperation. We establish the expected income functions of medical institutions, pension institutions and residents respectively, and determine the optimal solution. In addition, we also analyzed the impact of the proportion of medical insurance reimbursement, the benefit distribution mechanism and the change of service value on the decision stability point. The results show that with the reduction of additional utility brought to no-buyers, residents will gradually choose to purchase integrated medical and nursing services. In addition, different benefit distribution mechanisms will have a significant impact on the cooperation intention of institutions. Change the proportion of medical insurance reimbursement, that is, the reduction of expenses is not highly attractive to residents. Finally, based on the research conclusions, some management suggestions are put forward for the cooperation between medical institutions and pension institutions.

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The relevance of Nash equilibrium to psychiatric disorders

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

fMRI evidence for strategic decision-making during resolution of pronoun reference

fMRI evidence for strategic decision-making during resolution of pronoun reference

A Game Theory-Based Model for Predicting Depression due to Frustration in Competitive Environments

The medical-nursing combined cooperation mechanism of residents-hospital-pension in stitutions-based on tripartite evolutionary game research

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