The Relevance of the Development of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery in the Republic of Kazakhstan and its Economic Justification

Abstract

Among the new professions, the introduction of which is in demand in the modern health system, is the profession of a bariatric and metabolic surgeon. Bariatric and metabolic surgery is a cost-effective field of medicine, with a relatively short payback period, and its development is of high social importance. Considering the positive impact on the life expectancy and quality of life of patients, the use of laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass surgery, as a more effective and reliable, as well as relatively safe method of bariatric and metabolic surgery, is an attractive investment area. The development of bariatric and metabolic surgery is of particular relevance in preventing the negative consequences of obesity for human health, in particular, in the combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus with morbid obesity. All this determines the high relevance of the development of such a new field of surgery as bariatric and metabolic surgery in the health system of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the training of bariatric and metabolic surgeons within the framework of specialization programs for medical specialists of the surgical profile.

Architectural Renovation of Industrial Buildings on the Example of Large Cities of Kazakhstan

“…The first and is the formalization of the problem. It involves the introduction of variables to describe the target task and set restrictions (Ospanov, 2005). Next, the optimization criterion is formalized and the expression of goals is written as functions of several variables, indicating the allowable maximum and minimum.…”

“…And even if today they bring dissonance to the urban infrastructure and do not meet the real needs of society and the economy, demolishing them all is inexpedient, and incredibly costly. In addition, many of these buildings and structures are unique objects in terms of history and architecture (Ospanov, 2005). The harmonious neighborhood of old, restored buildings with new houses, office centers and entertainment complexes will allow rational use of territories, improve the ecological situation and increase the functional use of infrastructure, and as a result will lead to an improvement in the quality of life and the country's economy to reach a qualitatively new level.…”

“…economic and environmental aspects of the renovation will allow you to get the best result and turn abandoned and empty buildings into fully functioning household, educational, recreational and entertainment facilities (Ospanov, 2005).…”