The relevance of vapor phase hydration aging to nuclear waste isolation

Bates, J. K.; Seitz, M.G.; Steindler, M. J.

doi:10.1016/0191-815x(84)90008-1

Cited by 48 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Previous studies [4,40] have taken glass monoliths that have been altered through vapor hydration tests and leached these samples by placing them in water. It was seen that release rates of radionuclides from these tests are higher than the release rates of radionuclides from pristine glass samples leached under the same conditions.…”

Section: Aqueous Corrosion Of Hydrated Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Vapor hydration of SON68 glass from 90°C to 200°C: A kinetic study and corrosion products investigation

Neeway

Abdelouas

Grambow

et al. 2012

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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Section: Aqueous Corrosion Of Hydrated Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Vapor hydration of SON68 glass from 90°C to 200°C: A kinetic study and corrosion products investigation

Neeway

Abdelouas

Grambow

et al. 2012

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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“…Secondary phases precipitated on the surface are generally excluded from the measurement of the layer, since they are typically localized. Most high-level waste glasses tested to date have formed relatively uniform clay layers at the glass surface that were used to quantify the extent of corrosion [81, [104][105][106][107][108]. The relative amounts of secondary phases formed have also been used to compare the extents of reaction [109].…”

Section: Argonne National Laboratory Vapor Hydration Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vapor hydration test developed at .' rgonne is a static test in which a monolithic sample is exposed to water vapor in a sealed vessel [104][105][106][107][108]. At relative humidities above about 80%, a thin film of water condenses on the sample in which the glass corrodes [41].…”

Section: Mcc-3 Solubility Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of the glass surface area/solution volume ratio on glass corrosion: A critical review

Ebert

1995

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Argonne National Lahoratory. wi1th facilitie, in the states of liiinois and Idaho. is owned by the united States govern lent, and operated by The Un diversity of Chicago under the provisions of a contract with thie department of Enery. DISCLAIM ER THE FFFECTS OF THE GLASS SURFACE AREA/SOLUTION VOLUME RATIO ON GLASS CORROSION: A CRITICAL REVIEW William L. Ebert ABSTRACTThis report reviews and summarizes the present state of knowledge regarding the effects of the glass surface area/solution volume (SA/V) ratio on the corrosion behavior of borosilicate waste glasses. The SA/V ratio affects the rate of glass corrosion through the extent of dilution ok corrosion products released from the glass into the leachate solution: glass corrosion products are diluted more in tests conducted at low SA/V ratios than they are in tests conducted at high SAN ratios. Differences in the solution chemistries generated in tests conducted at different SA/V ratios then affect the observed glass corrosion behavior. Corrosion of borosilicate waste glasses results in the dissolution of soluble components and the accumulation of sparingly soluble components in a layer on the surface of the corroding glass. Laboratory tests performed to distinguish the effects of the solution chemistry and the surface layer on the glass corrosion rate have shown the rate to be controlled primarily by the solution chemistry. Therefore, any testing parameter that affects the solution chemistry will also affect the glass corrosion rate. The results of static leach tests conducted to assess the effects of the SAN are discussed with regard to the effects of SAN on the solution chemistry. The effects of the SA/V ratio observed in static tests can be understood based on the effects of the solution chemistry on glass corrosion behavior. Test results show several remaining issues with regard to the long-term glass corrosion behavior: Can the SAN ratio be used as an accelerating parameter to characterize the advanced stages of glass corrosion relevant to long disposal times? Is the alteration of the glass surface the same in tests conducted at different SAN, and in tests conducted with monolithic and crushed glass samples? What are the effects of the SAN and the extent of glass corrosion on the disposition of released radionuclides? These issues will bear on the prediction of the long-term performance of waste glasses during storage. The results of an experimental program conducted at ANL to address these and other remaining issues regarding the effects of SA/V on glass corrosion are described. I 2 SUMMARYThis report reviews and summarizes the present state of knowledge regarding the effects of the glass surface area/solution volume ratio (SA/V) on the corrosion behavior of borosilicate waste glasses. The effects of the SA/ occur through dilution of corrosion products and through the effects of the corrosion products on the glass corrosion mechanism and rate. Therefore, the effects of the SA/V on glass corrosion are discussed in terms of the various effects of t...

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“…The seed growth-very predominant compared to new nucleation 18,21,22 -is controlled by the surface area developed by the crystals present in the reactor, which determines how quickly the system crystallizes and its final crystallinity. 12,15,23 In the literature, the effect of the initial presence of zeolitic secondary phases on the glass alteration behavior is shown by leaching tests of pre-altered monoliths alone in solution 24,25 or in contact with pristine glass. 8 Such tests emphasize an exacerbated alteration of the glass in the presence of secondary phaseszeolites in particular-formed during the glass pre-alteration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of zeolite-seeded experiments to the understanding of resumption of glass alteration

et al. 2017

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Understanding the origin and the consequences of glass alteration regimes is necessary for the prediction of nuclear glass durability. The so-called "stage 3" or "resumption of alteration regime" of glasses used to sequester nuclear waste by vitrification, is characterized by a sudden acceleration of glass alteration rate arising from the precipitation of secondary minerals, mainly zeolites. To study this process, a promising approach is developed, based on seeding by synthesized zeolite seeds. This study quantitatively links the alteration of a six-oxide reference borosilicate glass (ISG) and the precipitation of zeolites that affects concentrations of key species-in particular aluminum-and thus the glass dissolution rate. The characterization of stage 3-easier at alkaline pH-can now be extended to pH conditions more representative of those found in a geological repository thanks to seeding that reduces, or even eliminates, the latency period preceding a resumption of glass alteration. The resumption occurrence and glass dissolution rate are related with temperature and pH. This study shows that the detrimental effect of zeolite precipitation decreases with decreasing pH and temperature, until it is no longer detectable at a pH around 9 imposed by the dissolution of the ISG glass. Even for both high temperature and high pH, the resumption rate is lower than the initial alteration rate, which remains the fastest kinetic regime.npj Materials Degradation (2017) 1:17 ; doi:10.1038/s41529-017-0018-x INTRODUCTION Like the United Kingdom, Japan, Russia and India, France has chosen to reprocess spent nuclear fuel. Ultimate waste arising from this recycling process-consisting of fission products and minor actinides-are confined by vitrification. The reference solution for the management of these waste packages over geological time scales is their storage in a deep, low-permeability and stable geological formation.In contact with water, the vitrified product of waste, usually called "nuclear glass", undergoes both dissolution and irreversible transformation into more stable phases; the rate of this transformation strongly depends on geochemical conditions. Formation of a passivating layer (also called "gel") causes the reduction of the initial alteration rate r 0 -due to the hydrolysis of the vitreous network by nucleophilic substitution of hydroxide ions-until the persistence of a residual rate. For a glass, this gel can exhibit a great variability in composition-and thus in properties-depending on the environmental parameters, in particular pH, temperature and solution composition. Gel stability and its passivation properties allow-under the most favorable conditions-a glass package lifetime of hundreds of thousands to millions of years. However, a resumption of alteration (RA, also called "stage 3" in the literature)-i.e., a sudden acceleration of the glass alteration rate-can occur.1,2 Resumptions of alteration have been observed in specific experimental conditions, particularly in alkaline environments-as a conseque...

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The relevance of vapor phase hydration aging to nuclear waste isolation

Cited by 48 publications

References 4 publications

Vapor hydration of SON68 glass from 90°C to 200°C: A kinetic study and corrosion products investigation

Vapor hydration of SON68 glass from 90°C to 200°C: A kinetic study and corrosion products investigation

The effects of the glass surface area/solution volume ratio on glass corrosion: A critical review

Contribution of zeolite-seeded experiments to the understanding of resumption of glass alteration

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