The Reliability and Validity of Gluteal Endurance Measures (GEMs)

Lehecka, B.J.; Smith, Barbara; Rundell, Todd; Cappaert, Thomas A.; Hakansson, Nils A.

doi:10.26603/001c.29592

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Unilateral bridging, also called a Gluteal Endurance Measure (GEM), was the choice measure of endurance because of its high reliability and specificity to gluteal fatigue. 24 Future study may benefit from using an endurance measure that targets the erector spinae such as the Sorenson test to evaluate muscle endurance in those with rLBP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This measure has demonstrated high reliability (ICC = 0.87-0.99) with a low standard error of measurement (SEM = 8.9 seconds). 24 Participants were positioned in hooklying with the knee to be measured flexed to 135 degrees and asked to hold a raised unilateral bridge until fatigue. One measurement on each leg recorded in seconds was taken by a researcher blind to group assignment with at least 90 seconds of rest between sides.…”

Section: Figure 2 Hip Extension Range Of Motion Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hip and Trunk Variables in University Students with and without Recurrent Low Back Pain

Lehecka,

Burleson,

Diederich

et al. 2024

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy

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Background Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability. Recurrent low back pain (rLBP) is defined as two or more episodes of LBP in a 12-month period, each lasting more than 24 hours and separated by at least one pain-free month. Many studies have shown that hip and trunk variables have an influence on LBP. However, most of these are studies of participants with acute or chronic LBP rather than rLBP. Purpose To examine the difference between hip and trunk variables of university students with and without rLBP. Study Design Cross-Sectional Methods Participants with and without rLBP between 18 and 35 years of age not currently undergoing clinical orthopedic care were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Bilateral hip range of motion (ROM) and trunk ROM were measured with a goniometer or measuring tape (hip motions in all planes along with trunk flexion, extension, and lateral flexion). Strength of the hip extensors, abductors, and external rotators was measured using a handheld dynamometer, and a single-leg bridge endurance test was performed to assess differences and correlations between outcomes. Results Twenty-six subjects aged 18 to 35 years with rLBP (n=10) and without rLBP (n=16) participated. Statistically significant differences between the two groups were found for right and left hip flexion (p = 0.029 and 0.039, respectively), right hip adduction (p = 0.043), and right hip extension (p = 0.021). No significant differences were found between groups for strength, endurance, or other ROM measures. Conclusion The findings of this study show statistically significant although clinically non-meaningful differences in hip flexion, extension, and adduction ROM in the rLBP group compared to the control group. This lack of clinically meaningful difference may be relevant to testing procedures and treatment of patients or athletes with rLBP. This study also suggests that hip strength and endurance may not play a major role in the development or treatment of rLBP. Level of Evidence: 3

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 2 Hip Extension Range Of Motion Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hip and Trunk Variables in University Students with and without Recurrent Low Back Pain

Lehecka,

Burleson,

Diederich

et al. 2024

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy

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“…Reliable submaximal strength endurance tests are relevant in the context of assessing the risk of orthopedic disorders (e.g., the role of muscles engaged in core stabilization for low back pain). 23 Given that male professional players cover an average total distance close to 11 km in a 90-min game, with 350 m and 1150 m performed in sprints and high-intensity running, respectively, 24 fatigue-induced loss of strength in lower limb muscles is an expected phenomenon. Studies conducted with simulated and official soccer games have evidenced that hamstring strength capacity is significantly affected in those situations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Leg Bridge Test is Not a Valid Clinical Tool to Assess Maximum Hamstring Strength

Gasparin

Ribeiro-Alvares

Baroni

2022

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy

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Background The single leg bridge test (SLBT) has been introduced in the sports context as a way of estimating hamstring muscle capacity for prevention and rehabilitation of hamstring strain injuries. Purpose The primary aim was to examine the association between SLBT scores with concentric and eccentric knee flexor peak torques. Secondarily, this study aimed examine the association of between-limb asymmetries provided by SLBT and isokinetic tests. Study design Cross-sectional study. Methods One hundred male soccer players (20±3 years) performed the SLBT and the knee flexion-extension isokinetic dynamometry evaluation (60°/s) billaterally during a single visit. SLBT score (i.e., number of repetitions until failure) and concentric and eccentric knee flexor peak torques (normalized per body mass) were considered for analysis. For both SLBT and isokinetic dynamometry, between-limb asymmetry was calculated as the percentage difference between the left limb and the right limb. Associations were assessed through Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results The mean SLBT score was 33.6±9.6 repetitions, concentric peak torque was 2.00±0.22 Nm/kg, and eccentric peak torque was 2.79±0.44 Nm/kg. Between-limb asymmetry was 0.4±9.6%, 1.08±8.5%, and 1.64±14.61% in SLBT, concentric, and eccentric tests, respectively. There was a poor association of SLBT score with concentric (p<0.001, r=0.275) and eccentric (p=0.002, r=0.215) peak torques. The SLBT between-limb asymmetry was poorly associated with asymmetry found in concentric peak torque asymmetry (p=0.033, r=0.213) and was not associated with eccentric peak torque asymmetry (p=0.539, r=0.062). Conclusion The SLBT should not be used as a clinical tool to assess the maximum strength of hamstring muscles. Level of Evidence Level 3

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Intramuscular heroin-induced severe rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury—a case report

Dimov,

Sultana,

Dafeeah

et al. 2024

Oxford Medical Case Reports

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Rhabdomyolysis (RM) is characterised by the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, releasing toxic intracellular components into circulation. It presents with dark urine, muscle weakness, myalgia, and elevated creatine phosphokinase levels (CPK). Drug-induced RM is aetiologically significant. This case report describes a 25-year-old male who developed severe RM and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) after intramuscular (IM) heroin administration as a first time user. IM heroin use can induce higher CPK levels due to direct myocyte toxicity and mechanical trauma. The highly vascularised gluteal muscles with type 1 fibres at the injection site likely exacerbated the severity. Additional factors included lower mitochondrial density in males and alcohol exposure. Despite aggressive fluid resuscitation, renal replacement therapy (RRT) was required, and the patient responded well to haemodialysis. This case highlights AKI as a severe complication of IM heroin use, underscoring the need for further research into drug-induced RM.

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The Reliability and Validity of Gluteal Endurance Measures (GEMs)

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Hip and Trunk Variables in University Students with and without Recurrent Low Back Pain

Hip and Trunk Variables in University Students with and without Recurrent Low Back Pain

Single Leg Bridge Test is Not a Valid Clinical Tool to Assess Maximum Hamstring Strength

Intramuscular heroin-induced severe rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury—a case report

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