“…Typically, institutions of higher education use student surveys of instruction to gather student input on teaching effectiveness (Centra, 2003;Jacobsen, 1997;Wolfer & Johnson, 2003). In turn, data generated from student surveys are often used in the tenure and promotion process and to determine merit pay (Obenchain, Abernathy, & Wiest, 2001). Despite their near ubiquity, the role of student evaluations in the faculty evaluation process as a whole is controversial (Ballantyne, Borthwick, & Packer, 2000;Chen & Hoshower, 2003;Krantz-Girod et al, 2004;Marsh, 2007b;Sheehan & DuPrey, 1999;Yunker & Yunker, 2003).…”