The reliability of the cervical relocation test on people with and without a history of neck pain

Burke, Sarah; Lynch, K. A.; Moghul, Zakkee; Young, Craig; Saviola, Kristen; Schenk, Ron

doi:10.1179/2042618615y.0000000016

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“… 49 , 50 The average of three trials to relocate the NHP from each cervical movement was recorded in degrees of CJPS. 46 In the present study, the ICC for the intra-rater reliability measures ranged from 0.78 to 0.99 and inter-examiner reliability from 0.77 to 0.99.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…CJPS, or cervical proprioception, was assessed using a special type of cervical range of motion (CROM) measurement device (CROM Deluxe USA, EN-121,156). 46 CROM has been shown to have excellent concurrent validity (r = 0.93–0.98), excellent test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.89–0.98) using 3D Fastrack, 47 as well as excellent correlation (r = 0.78–0.86) and substantial to excellent test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.74–0.96) using the VICON motion capture system. 48 A CJPS error ≥ 4.5 degrees indicates impaired CJPS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Proprioceptive and Craniocervical Flexor Training on Static Balance in University Student Smartphone Users with Balance Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Wah¹,

Puntumetakul²,

Boucaut³

2021

JPR

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Purpose University student smartphone users adopt flexed neck postures during smartphone use, creating an increased compressive load on their neck structures. This study was conducted to compare the effects of proprioceptive and craniocervical flexor training with a control group on static balance in a group of university student smartphone users with balance impairment. Methods A double-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 42 university students (19.67±1.68 years old) with balance impairment. Participants were randomized into a proprioceptive training (ProT) group (n=14), a craniocervical flexor training (CCFT) group (n=14), and a control group (CG; n=14) for a 6-week intervention. The balance error scoring system (BESS), cervical joint position sense (CJPS), craniocervical flexion (CCF) test, and visual analog scale (VAS) for neck pain were evaluated using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results After 6 weeks of intervention, the ProT group showed significantly greater improvement of CJPS than the CG (p=0.000) and the CCFT group significantly improved of CCF test than CG (p=0.002). Findings, at 4 weeks after intervention, were (i) the ProT group had significantly more improvement in BESS than the CCFT group (p=0.014) and CG (p=0.003), (ii) the ProT group had significantly more improvement of CJPS than the CG (right and left rotate) (p=0.001, p=0.016, respectively) and CCFT group (right rotate) (p=0.004), (iii) the CCFT group had significantly more improvement of craniocervical flexor strength than CG (p=0.004), and (iv) the ProT group and CCFT group had significantly more decreased pain than CG (p=0.015, p=0.033, respectively). No adverse effects occurred during or after training in any group. Conclusion ProT is important for regaining static balance and CJPS, while CCFT improved craniocervical flexor strength. Moreover, both ProT and CCFT can reduce neck pain. We recommend performing ProT to improve static balance, CJPS and to reduce neck pain in smartphone users with static balance impairment. Clinical Trail Registration Number TCTR20190909003.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 45%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Proprioceptive and Craniocervical Flexor Training on Static Balance in University Student Smartphone Users with Balance Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Wah¹,

Puntumetakul²,

Boucaut³

2021

JPR

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“…Assessing the range of motion of the cervical spine can be a useful tool in assessing function and should be performed as part of a clinical examination. Patients nearly always self-report the range of motion increases when the MBB test is positive [16]. The…”

Section: Clinical Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medial Branch Blocks for Diagnosis of Facet Joint Pain Etiology and Use in Chronic Pain Litigation

Lawson

Nolet

Little

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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A commonly disputed medicolegal issue is the documentation of the location, degree, and anatomical source of an injured plaintiff’s ongoing pain, particularly when the painful region is in or near the spine, and when the symptoms have arisen as result of a relatively low speed traffic crash. The purpose of our paper is to provide health and legal practitioners with strategies to identify the source of cervical pain and to aid triers of fact (decision makers) in reaching better informed conclusions. We review the medical evidence for the applications and reliability of cervical medial branch nerve blocks as an indication of painful spinal facets. We also present legal precedents for the legal admissibility of the results of such diagnostic testing as evidence of chronic spine pain after a traffic crash. Part of the reason for the dispute is the subjective nature of pain, and the fact that medical documentation of pain complaints relies primarily on the history given by the patient. A condition that can be documented objectively is chronic cervical spine facet joint pain, as demonstrated by medial branch block (injection). The diagnostic accuracy of medial branch blocks has been extensively described in the scientific medical literature, and evidence of facet blocks to objectively document chronic post-traumatic neck pain has been accepted as scientifically reliable in courts and tribunals in the USA, Canada and the United Kingdom. We conclude that there is convincing scientific medical evidence that the results of cervical facet blocks provide reliable objective evidence of chronic post-traumatic spine pain, suitable for presentation to an adjudicative decision maker.

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“…The error was measured for each subject after active cervical spine extension and rotation ( Figure 2B) [19]. This is a validated test method with a high test-retest reliability [37].…”

Section: Joint Position Error Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the effects of joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on breathing pattern disorders and joint position sense in persons with chronic low back pain

Lim

2020

PTRS

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Objective: To compare the effects of joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on breathing pattern disorders and joint position sense in persons with chronic lower back pain. Design: Three-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty-six individuals with chronic low back pain who were undergoing a postural correction and vertebral movement at a rehabilitation center participated in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into the joint mobilization group (n=12), gym ball exercises group (n=12), and the breathing exercises group (n=12). The exercises were applied for 40 minutes a day, twice a week for a total of 12 weeks. Measurement tools included the end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2), respiration rate (RR), breath hold time, Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ), excursion, and joint position error (JPE). Results: The groups showed significant differences in the ETCO2, RR, NQ, Excursion and JPE test before and after the intervention (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were significant in the group that received the gym ball and breathing exercises in ETCO2 and RR (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were most significant in the group that received breathing exercises in NQ and excursion (p<0.05). The differences between the groups were significant in the group that received the gym ball and breathing exercises in JPE Lt. and Rt. (p<0.05). Conclusions: All three interventions had a significant impact on the biomechanical changes, respiratory variables, and joint position sense in participants with chronic lower back pain. Breathing exercises were found to be particularly effective in improving respiratory parameters.

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The reliability of the cervical relocation test on people with and without a history of neck pain

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of Proprioceptive and Craniocervical Flexor Training on Static Balance in University Student Smartphone Users with Balance Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of Proprioceptive and Craniocervical Flexor Training on Static Balance in University Student Smartphone Users with Balance Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Medial Branch Blocks for Diagnosis of Facet Joint Pain Etiology and Use in Chronic Pain Litigation

Comparison of the effects of joint mobilization, gym ball exercises, and breathing exercises on breathing pattern disorders and joint position sense in persons with chronic low back pain

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