The reliability of the <scp>G</scp>reulich–<scp>P</scp>yle method in bone age determination among <scp>A</scp>ustralian children

Paxton, Mark L; Lamont, Anthony; Stillwell, Andrew P.

doi:10.1111/j.1754-9485.2012.02462.x

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Researchers in different countries showed that skeletal ages determined using the Greulich and Pyle method were lower than the chronological ages for a large proportion of the sample both in males and females, and that the method underestimates chronological age ( 5 , 6 , 16 , 17 ). Although the difference is not significant, a study in Australia reported overall underestimation of skeletal age by 2.2 months: 1.5 months for females and 3.7 months for males ( 18 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Assessment of reliability of Greulich and Pyle (gp) method for determination of age of children at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, East Gojjam Zone

Tsehay¹,

Afework²,

Mesifin³

2017

Ethiop J Health Sci

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BACKGROUND: Greulich and Pyle standards are the most widely used age estimation standards all over the world. The applicability of the Greulich and Pyle standards to populations which differ from their reference population is often questioned. This study aimed to assess the reliability of Greulich and Pyle (GP) method for determination of age of children at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Hospital based cross sectional study design was applied to children who came to Debre Markos Referral Hospital from May to October 2015 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and medcalc version 15 softwares. Significance was set at α = 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 108 radiographs were analyzed. Chronological age in most of the children was under estimated. The mean under-estimation was 11.8 months in the female sample and 8.7 months in the male sample. Greulich and Pyle method became inapplicable for the sample at 16 years for females and 16.5 years for males and later. Delay in skeletal maturation was observed in both sexes, but the females in the sample matured earlier than the males. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest against the applicability of GP atlas which were not directly applicable to an East Gojjam Zone population. Large scale studies should be planned and nationwide guideline, and atlas which can easily be used throughout the country should be developed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Assessment of reliability of Greulich and Pyle (gp) method for determination of age of children at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, East Gojjam Zone

Tsehay¹,

Afework²,

Mesifin³

2017

Ethiop J Health Sci

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“…Height and BMI were expressed as SDS for chronological age and were calculated according to CDC growth data ( 17 ). Greulich-Pyle method was used for bone age determination and Bayley-Pinneau method for prediction of adult height ( 18 , 19 ). Marshall-Tanner method was used for sexual maturation staging ( 20 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Therapy and Obesity in Girls

Arani

Heidari

2015

Int J Endocrinol Metab

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Background:Depot preparations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) are the gold standard drugs for the treatment of central precocious puberty. A concern about these drugs is obesity.Objectives:This study aimed to investigate the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) therapy on body mass index (BMI) in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP).Patients and Methods:The girls with onset of puberty before eight years of age or menarche before nine years of age were studied. The weight, height, BMI, and pubertal stage were determined before and at sixth and 12th months of treatment. The GnRHa (Triptorelin) was administered intramuscularly for patients with rapidly progressive forms of CPP. Patients with slowly progressive forms of CPP were considered as control group.Results:From 110 subjects with CPP, 46 girls (41.8%) were considered as intervention and 64 (58.2%) as control groups. The mean age at initial visit was 7.46 ± 1.03 years. The BMI standard deviation scores in both groups was not significantly different at sixth and 12th months of treatment compared with baseline (P = 0.257 and P = 0.839, respectively). The prevalence of obesity was not significantly different between study groups at baseline and at and sixth and 12th months of therapy (P = 0.11, P = 0.068, and P = 0.052, respectively).Conclusions:The GnRHa therapy has no effect on BMI and the prevalence of obesity.

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“…Adult HtSDS, predicted adult height (PAHSDS) at baseline and PAH at latest available time after the start of treatment were calculated using the British 1990 population as the reference measurement10. Bone ages were reported by the radiologists at each centre caring for the patients, based on the Greulich-Pyle standard11. Predicted adult height at the start of treatment, and at the oldest available age, was calculated for children 6 years of age or older, who had follow-up bone ages reported 12 months or more after the start of treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutional Delay Influences the Auxological Response to Growth Hormone Treatment in Children with Short Stature and Growth Hormone Sufficiency

Gunn

Cutfield

Hofman

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

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In a retrospective, population based cohort study, we examined whether constitutional delay was associated with the growth response to growth hormone (GH) in children with short stature and normal GH responses. 70 patients were treated with 21 GH iu/m2/week from 1975 to 2013 throughout New Zealand. Demographic and auxological data were prospectively collected and standard deviation scores (SDS) were calculated for height (HtSDS), yearly growth velocity (GV-SDS), body mass index (BMI-SDS) and predicted adult height (PAH-SDS) at time of the last available bone age. In the first year, GH was associated with marked increase in HtSDS (+0.46 (0.19, 0.76), p < 0.001) and GV-SDS (from −1.9 (−3.6, −0.7) to +2.7 (0.45, 4.2), p < 0.001). The increase in HtSDS but not in GV-SDS was greatest with younger patients and greater bone age delay, with no effect of sex, BMI-SDS or baseline HtSDS. PAH-SDS increased with treatment (+0.94 (0.18, 1.5)); increased PAH-SDS was associated with less bone age delay and greater initial increase in HtSDS. This study shows that greater bone age delay was associated with greater initial improvement in height but less improvement in predicted adult heights, suggesting that children with very delayed bone ages may show accelerated maturation during GH treatment.

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The reliability of the Greulich–Pyle method in bone age determination among Australian children

Abstract: Our results show that the standards of G&P are an accurate means of BA determination in Australian children.

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

Assessment of reliability of Greulich and Pyle (gp) method for determination of age of children at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, East Gojjam Zone

Assessment of reliability of Greulich and Pyle (gp) method for determination of age of children at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, East Gojjam Zone

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Therapy and Obesity in Girls

Constitutional Delay Influences the Auxological Response to Growth Hormone Treatment in Children with Short Stature and Growth Hormone Sufficiency

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