The removal and kinetic study of Mn, Fe, Ni and Cu ions from wastewater onto activated carbon from coconut shells

Abstract

Activated carbon from coconut shells (ACCS) was synthesised and used for the removal of metal ions (manganese, iron, nickel and copper) from aqueous solutions. Two different adsorption models were used for analysing the data. Adsorption capacities were determined: copper ions exhibited the greatest adsorption on activated carbon obtained from coconut shells because of their size and pH conditions. Adsorption capacity varied as a function of the pH. Adsorption isotherms from aqueous solutions of heavy metals on ACCS were determined and were found to be consistent with Langmuir's adsorption model. Adsorbent quantity and immersion enthalpy were studied. The results were compared with other adsorbents used in a prior study.

Adsorptive removal of Mn(II) from water and wastewater by surfactant-modified alumina

“…Values of "K" and "n" have been calculated from the intercept and slope of the Freundlich plot, respectively, and are shown in Table 4. Adsorption is favorable for values 0.1 < 1/n < 1.0 [19]. In our case, the obtained value of n speaks about the favorable adsorption on the surfactant-modified surface.…”

“…R L is also called as separation factor and is useful to know the applicability of adsorption process. When R L < 1 it signifies favorable adsorption, R L = zero implies that the adsorption process is irreversible, R L > 1 indicates unfavorable adsorption, and R L = 1 reveals linear adsorption [19].…”

“…Thus, treating manganese-bearing wastewater by a suitable means is a challenge. Earlier, many adsorbent materials, such as chemically treated modified plant waste [1], natural zeolite [2], clay mineral [3], fruit shell [12], Albizia procera legumes [13], activated Chilean zeolites [14], carbon aerogel [15], manganese oxide coated zeolite [16], hematite [17], modified clay [18], activated carbon from coconut shell [19], granular activated carbon [20], chemically treated granular activated carbon [21], kaolinite [22], and tannic acid immobilized activated carbon [23], were used for Mn(II) removal from aqueous solution. The adsorption capacities of the materials and the conditions applied for manganese removal are compiled in Table 1.…”

Adsorption of Ni(II) from model solutions using co-precipitated inorganic oxides

“…In particular, biomass has very favorable adsorption properties. The most common natural adsorbents, or material from which they are produced, used in the process of removing metal ions include activated carbon (coconut shell), tree bark, lignin, shellfish shells, cotton, zeolites, fern, and compounds contained in a number of minerals and microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and yeast) (Mendoza-Barrón et al 2011;Moreno-Piraján et al 2011;Dhir and Srivastava 2011;Fosso-Kankeu et al 2011;Sheng et al 2009). …”

Study of Hg(ii) Removal From Aqueous Solution Using Lignocellulosic Coconut Fiber Biosorbents: Equilibrium and Kinetic Evaluation

“…Common agricultural wastes (AW) such as oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) residues are reported to have a high adsorption capacity for heavy metals from wastewater (Anirudhan et al, 2008;Bhatnagar et al, 2010;Chowdhury et al, 2011;Kavitha and Namasivayam, 2007;Moreno-Piraján et al, 2011;Phan et al, 2006;Pollard et al, 1992;Wong et al, 2003). The advantages of using AWs as biosorbents include low cost, high sorption efficiency, the minimization of chemical or biological sludge production, regeneration potential of biosorbents, and possibility of metal recovery (Suryavanshi and Shukla, 2009).…”