The reproductive biology of two deep-water, reef-building scleractinians from the NE Atlantic Ocean

Waller, Rhian G.; Tyler, Paul A.

doi:10.1007/s00338-005-0501-7

Cited by 105 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Previous work indicates relatively low levels of clonality among distinct coral colonies at this site as compared to L. pertusa populations in the North Atlantic (Waller and Tyler, 2005;Lunden et al, 2014a). To ensure that distinct genotypes were used in our experiments, each coral fragment was genotyped according to methods used previously in a similar study of L. pertusa (Lunden et al, 2014a).…”

Section: Determination Of Coral Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-Specific Variation Reveals Potential for Adaptation to Ocean Acidification in a Cold-Water Coral from the Gulf of Mexico

et al. 2017

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Ocean acidification, the decrease in seawater pH due to the absorption of atmospheric CO 2 , profoundly threatens the survival of a large number of marine species. Cold-water corals are considered to be among the most vulnerable organisms to ocean acidification because they are already exposed to relatively low pH and corresponding low calcium carbonate saturation states ( ). Lophelia pertusa is a globally distributed cold-water scleractinian coral that provides critical three-dimensional habitat for many ecologically and economically significant species. In this study, four different genotypes of L. pertusa were exposed to three pH treatments (pH = 7.60, 7.75, and 7.90) over a short (2-week) experimental period, and six genotypes were exposed to two pH treatments (pH = 7.60 and 7.90) over a long (6-month) experimental period. Their physiological response was measured as net calcification rate and the activity of carbonic anhydrase, a key enzyme in the calcification pathway. In the short-term experiment, net calcification rates did not significantly change with pH, although they were highly variable in the low pH treatment, including some genotypes that maintained positive net calcification in undersaturated conditions. In the 6-month experiment, average net calcification was significantly reduced at low pH, with corals exhibiting net dissolution of skeleton. However, one of the same genotypes that maintained positive net calcification (+0.04% day −1 ) under the low pH treatment in the short-term experiment also maintained positive net calcification longer than the other genotypes in the long-term experiment, although none of the corals maintained positive calcification for the entire 6 months. Average carbonic anhydrase activity was not affected by pH, although some genotypes exhibited small, insignificant, increases in activity after the sixth month. Our results suggest that while net calcification in L. pertusa is adversely affected by ocean acidification in the long term, it is possible that some genotypes may prove to be more resilient than others, particularly to short perturbations of the carbonate system. These results provide evidence that populations of L. pertusa in the Gulf of Mexico may contain the genetic variability necessary to support an adaptive response to future ocean acidification.

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Section: Determination Of Coral Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-Specific Variation Reveals Potential for Adaptation to Ocean Acidification in a Cold-Water Coral from the Gulf of Mexico

et al. 2017

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“…For both median and maximum geographical distance of downstream connectivity, PLD was most important. The time of spawning also had considerable impact on connectivity outcomes due to e.g., differences in hydrodynamic conditions among seasons (Treml et al, 2015), and may additionally explain the differences in connectivity found by Becheler et al (2017) since L. pertusa reproduces seasonally whereas M. oculata produces multiple cohorts annually (Waller and Tyler, 2005;Pires et al, 2014). Hopefully the larval biology of many more deep-sea coral species can be studied in the future to help explain such differences in connectivity patterns.…”

Section: Larval Traits and Effects On Connectivity Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lophelia pertusa is the most common framework forming cold-water coral (Roberts et al, 2009) and the associated biodiversity is high; in the northeast Atlantic more than 1,300 species are linked to reefs of this coral. Individual colonies within reefs are gonochoric (have separate sexes) and fecundity is high (Waller and Tyler, 2005). Fertilization is external, i.e., eggs and sperm are spawned into the water column where fertilization takes place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fertilization is external, i.e., eggs and sperm are spawned into the water column where fertilization takes place. Spawning is seasonal, with differences in timing depending on geographical location (Waller and Tyler, 2005;Brooke and Järnegren, 2013;Larsson et al, 2014;Pires et al, 2014). In Scandinavian waters spawning occurs between January and March (Brooke and Järnegren, 2013;Larsson et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Larval Behavior and Longevity in the Cold-Water Coral Lophelia pertusa Indicate Potential for Long Distance Dispersal

Strömberg

Larsson

2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The life cycle of many marine benthic species includes a pelagic larval stage that governs the connectivity between populations. Larval transport is a function of hydrodynamic and biological processes. Knowledge of how larval traits affect dispersal will increase the accuracy of biophysical models used to predict connectivity, and is of paramount importance for management and conservation. This study examines the larval traits of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa that forms widespread and highly diverse ecosystems in the deep ocean. We monitored development, swimming behavior, and survival under different environmental conditions. We found that the embryonic development rate doubled when the rearing temperature was increased from normal conditions of 7-8 • C to 11-12 • C. Pre-competent planulae migrated vertically upwards at a speed of 0.5-0.7 mm s −1 and crossed salinity gradients with a maximum tested difference of 5 psu with no hesitation. At 3 weeks, planulae had a fully developed mouth and started feeding on animal derivatives, picoplankton, and possibly smaller size microalgae. Presence of food significantly altered the swimming pattern, and feeding was corroborated by direct observation. Planulae survived for up to 10 months in a salinity of 25 psu, which together with the vertical migration pattern and feeding indicates that larvae may spend a period of their pelagic phase in the photic zone. After 50 days, larvae were still in a very good condition as deduced by maintained high swimming speed. Survival rate of developed planulae was on average 60% over a 3-month period, and maximum longevity was a full year, in laboratory cultures.

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“…The surface primary production sinks rapidly to the seafloor (Billett et al 1983, Lampitt 1985, Thiel et al 1989 where it initiates gametogenesis in corals (e.g. Waller & Tyler 2005) due to a substantial increase in the availability of POM. This coincides with the energetically expensive onset of production of gametes in Lophelia pertusa.…”

Section: Geological and Biological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold-water coral growth in relation to the hydrography of the Celtic and Nordic European continental margin

Dullo¹,

Flögel²,

Rüggeberg³

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

204

202

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Along the Atlantic European continental margin, living cold-water coral reefs occur over a wide bathymetric and hydrographical range. Focusing on 2 regions, the Celtic and the Norwegian shelves, we found that cold-water coral reefs are limited to different intermediate water masses. Measurements of the physical and geological properties showed that parameters such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen content, current intensities, and different substrates vary widely without specifically impacting the distribution of living cold-water coral reefs. The habitat of living reefs within the NE Atlantic comprises a temperature-salinity field, with its lower boundary equivalent to the Intermediate Salinity Maximum (ISM). The ISM on the Celtic margin is represented by Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW), but is replaced by Atlantic Water (AW) on the Norwegian margin. The upper limit corresponds to water mass boundaries of Eastern North Atlantic Water / MOW on the Celtic margin and Norwegian Coastal Water / AW on the Norwegian margin. Our study shows that cold-water corals in the North Atlantic tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions. However, our data indicate that living cold-water coral reefs occur within the density envelope of sigma-theta (σ Θ ) = 27.35 to 27.65 kg m -3 , thus highlighting the importance of physical boundary conditions for cold-water coral growth and distribution.

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The reproductive biology of two deep-water, reef-building scleractinians from the NE Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 105 publications

References 24 publications

Intra-Specific Variation Reveals Potential for Adaptation to Ocean Acidification in a Cold-Water Coral from the Gulf of Mexico

Intra-Specific Variation Reveals Potential for Adaptation to Ocean Acidification in a Cold-Water Coral from the Gulf of Mexico

Larval Behavior and Longevity in the Cold-Water Coral Lophelia pertusa Indicate Potential for Long Distance Dispersal

Cold-water coral growth in relation to the hydrography of the Celtic and Nordic European continental margin

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