The response by microorganisms to steady state growth in controlled concentrations of oxygen and glucose. I. <i>Candida utilis</i>

Moss, F. J.; Rickard, Pamela A. D.; Beech, G. A.; Bush, F. E.

doi:10.1002/bit.260110404

Cited by 49 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The repressive effect of high concentrations of glucose, compared with BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING, VOI,. XIII, ISSUE 1 galactose or low glucose concentrations, on A-, B-, and C-type cytochromes were similar to their effects on cytochrome c concentration and cytochrome oxidase activity reported by Strittmatter.s The degree of repression of A, B and C [ Table I (a)] when glucose was increased from 17 mM to 300 mM was 94%, 63%, and 58% respectively. The greater sensitivity of A agrees with the greater sensitivity of cytochrome oxidase activity, compared with cytochrome c concentration, reported by Strittmatter.6 A-type cytochrome was also the most sensitive of the three to increased aeration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The effects of glucose and oxygen on the cytochromes and metabolic activity of yeast batch cultures. I. Saccharomyces spp.

Rickard

Moss

Ganez

1971

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Samharomycea cerevisiae and Saccharomycea carlsbergensis were grown in batch culture with and without oxygen control.The concentrations of A-, E and C-type cytochromes of both yeasts were dependent on the oxygen concentration during growth as well as on the initial glucose concentration of the growth medium. S. cerevisiae cytochromes were maximal after growth in low glucose and low oxygen; S. curlsbergensis cytochromes were maximal after growth in low glucose and high oxygen. Except when glucose was in very low concentration, its catabolism by 8. carlsbergensis was directed predominantly towards ethanolic fermentation regardless of the oxygen concentration. Growth rate, tot,al cell msss and yield were maximal, and anabolism was closely balanced with catabolism, when glucose and oxygen of S. carlsbergensis cultures were both high. Under these conditions neither catabolism, respiratory or ethanolic, nor glucose uptake were maximal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The effects of glucose and oxygen on the cytochromes and metabolic activity of yeast batch cultures. I. Saccharomyces spp.

Rickard

Moss

Ganez

1971

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…When an aerobic, glucose-limited culture was shifted to oxygen limitation, ethanol formation did not set in immediately, but was preceded by a lag phase ( Figure 2). Similar observations were made by Moss et al (1969) and Franzblau and Sinclair (1983a). Franzblau and Sinclair (1983b) explained the lag phase observed in their studies with batch cultures from the time required to induce the fermentative key enzyme pyruvate decarboxylase.…”

Section: Metabolite Formation After a Shijit To Oxygen Limitationsupporting

confidence: 76%

Transient responses of Candida utilis to oxygen limitation: Regulation of the Kluyver effect for maltose

Kaliterna

Weusthuis

Castrillo

et al. 1995

Yeast

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The facultatively fermentative yeast Candida utilis exhibits the Kluyver effect for maltose: this disaccharide is respired and assimilated but, in contrast to glucose, it cannot be fermented. To study the mechanism of the Kluyver effect, metabolic responses of C. utilis to a transition from aerobic, sugar-limited growth to oxygen-limited conditions were studied in chemostat cultures. Unexpectedly, the initial response of maltose-grown cultures to oxygen limitation was very similar to that of glucose-grown cultures. In both cases, alcoholic fermentation occurred after a lag phase of 1 h, during which glycerol, pyruvate and D-lactate were the main fermentation products. After ca. 10 h the behaviour of the maltose- and glucose-grown cultures diverged: ethanol disappeared from the maltose-grown cultures, whereas fermentation continued in steady-state, oxygen-limited cultures grown on glucose. The disappearance of alcoholic fermentation in oxygen-limited chemostat cultures growing on maltose was not due to a repression of the synthesis of pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase. The results demonstrate that the Kluyver effect for maltose in C. utilis does not reflect an intrinsic inability of this yeast to ferment maltose, but is caused by a regulatory phenomenon that affects a key enzyme in maltose metabolism, probably the maltose carrier. The observed kinetics indicate that this regulation occurs at the level of enzyme synthesis rather than via modification of existing enzyme activity.

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“…Hg) and then respiratory activity decreases and not increases. Stimulation has been noted by Moss et al (1969) with the yeast Candida utilis, although at a very much lower DOT (< 0.06 mm. Hg); and has also been observed by Harrison & Pirt (1967) with Klebsiella aerogenes, where it appeared to form part of an indefinitely oscillating transient state at DOT below about 10 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Influence of Dissolved Oxygen on Pseudomonas AM1 Grown on Methanol in Continuous Culture

Maclennan

Ousby

Vasey

et al. 1971

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYMethanol-limited cultures of Pseudomonas AM I were grown in chemostats (D, 0.1 h.-l; methanol 10 g./l.) at dissolved oxygen tensions between I and 690 mm. Hg. Decreasing the dissolved oxygen tension from I I O to 2 8 5 mm. Hg did not affect either respiration or carbon balance, but lowering it further caused a progressive increase in respiration which was maximal at 3 mm. Hg (the lowest dissolved oxygen tension at which a steady state could be maintained at the fixed dilution rate). Increasing the dissolved oxygen tension from 97 to 560 mm. Hg increased production of CO, and decreased yield; this effect was particularly evident between 420 and 560 mm. Hg. Yield varied little between 560 and 690 mm. Hg but CO, output decreased and exocellular products increased in concentration indicating a metabolic change. The possible mechanisms involved in metabolic regulation are discussed; it is concluded that dissolved oxygen tensions between 3 mm. and 690 mm. Hg exert a continuous quantitative control over respiration and metabolism of growing organisms. A stoichiometric equation is derived for the growth of Pseudomonas AM I on methanol.

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The response by microorganisms to steady state growth in controlled concentrations of oxygen and glucose. I. Candida utilis

Cited by 49 publications

References 48 publications

The effects of glucose and oxygen on the cytochromes and metabolic activity of yeast batch cultures. I. Saccharomyces spp.

The effects of glucose and oxygen on the cytochromes and metabolic activity of yeast batch cultures. I. Saccharomyces spp.

Transient responses of Candida utilis to oxygen limitation: Regulation of the Kluyver effect for maltose

The Influence of Dissolved Oxygen on Pseudomonas AM1 Grown on Methanol in Continuous Culture

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