The response of endocrine system to stress loads during space flight in human subject

Macho, L; Koška, Juraj; Kšinantová, L; Pacák, Karel; Hoff, Thomas; Noskov, V. B.; Grigoriev, A. I.; Vigaŝ, M; Květňanský, Richard

doi:10.1016/s0273-1177(03)00097-8

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Limited in-flight data suggest that [GH] are not elevated, which contribute to muscle mass and strength losses (37,45). Although in-flight cycle ergometry (n = 1) led to higher [GH] vs. a similar exercise workload done 3 weeks before space travel (36), the reverse was true from exercise (n = 4) on a torque-velocity dynamometer (37). It was concluded that a minimal level of neuromuscular activity and mechanical loading was needed for in-flight exercise; if that threshold was not met, lower [GH] ensued (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Blood Lactate and Hormonal Responses to Prototype Flywheel Ergometer Workouts

Caruso

Coday²,

Monda³

et al. 2010

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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The purpose of the study was to compare blood lactate and hormonal responses with flywheel ergometer (FERG) leg presses for preliminary assessment of workouts best suited for future in-flight resistance exercise. Comprised of 10 repetition sets, the workouts entailed 3 sets of concentric and eccentric (CE3) actions, or concentric-only actions done for 3 (CO3) or 6 (CO6) sets. Methods employed included assessment of blood lactate concentrations ([BLa-]) before and 5 minutes postexercise. Venous blood was also collected before and at 1 and 30 minutes postexercise to assess growth hormone, testosterone, cortisol concentrations ([GH], [T], [C]) and [T/C] ratios. [BLa-] were compared with 2 (time) x 3 (workout) analysis of variance. Hormones were assessed with 2 (gender) x 3 (time) x 3 (workout) analysis of covariances. Results showed [BLa-] had a time effect. Growth hormone concentration showed gender x workout, gender x time, and workout x time interactions, whereas [T] had a 3-way interaction. [C] had gender, time, and workout effects. [T/C] yielded a gender x time interaction. It was concluded that, because CO6 and CE3 yielded similar anabolic hormonal data but the latter had a lower [C] 30 minutes postexercise, CE3 served as the best workout. Although the FERG was originally designed for microgravity, the effort put forth by current subjects was like that for workouts aimed at greater athletic performance and conditioning. Practical applications suggest that eccentric actions should be used for FERG workouts geared toward muscle mass and strength improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Conversely, secretion of the catabolic hormone cortisol must be minimized to limit mass and strength losses. Space travel, with or without concurrent in-flight exercise, alters plasma concentrations of many hormones (22,36,37,45). Such changes parallel those for blood lactate, an anaerobic metabolite (22,48).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Lactate and Hormonal Responses to Prototype Flywheel Ergometer Workouts

Caruso

Coday²,

Monda³

et al. 2010

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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“…Additionally, the blood stagnation inside the jugular vein may contribute to increased intracranial pressure (Besnard et al 2002;Zhang and Hargens 2014), potentially resulting in impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (Zuj et al 2012). Several studies have reported an increase in circulating insulin in astronauts during spaceflight (Macho et al 2003;Hughson et al unpublished data, personal communication 2015) and an increase in glycemia and insulin resistance during bed rest (Cree et al 2010, Biensø et al 2012. These changes may be in part due to altered abdominal organ function from splanchnic venous pooling.…”

Section: Tibv (Cm 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of jugular, portal, femoral, and calf vein cross-sectional area for the assessment of venous blood redistribution with long duration spaceflight (Vessel Imaging Experiment)

Arbeille¹,

Provost²,

Zuj³

et al. 2015

Eur J Appl Physiol

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“…In a long period, the increasing of cortisol can cause hyperglycemia. In other words, insulin sensitivity is reduced in astronauts during space flight and microgravity condition (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%