The responses of left ventricular end‐systolic pressure‐diameter relationship to acute pressure overload induced by aortic constriction

Oikawa, Yoshiohika; Shirato, Kunio; Sakuma, Masashi; Katoh, Atsushi; Nakagawa, Makoto; Ishigaki, Hidehiko; Takishima, Tamotsu

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1993.tb09622.x

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…4), which led to increased ventricular dilation. This effect was previously described by Oikawa et al 52 . Furthermore, occlusion of the ascending aorta (ASC) led to a larger decrease in ventricular compliance compared to the compliance observed upon occlusion of the descending aorta, which resulted in increased afterload levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Non-linearity of end-systolic pressure–volume relation in afterload increases is caused by an overlay of shortening deactivation and the Frank–Starling mechanism

Habigt

Krieger

Ketelhut

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The linearity and load insensitivity of the end-systolic pressure–volume-relationship (ESPVR), a parameter that describes the ventricular contractile state, are controversial. We hypothesize that linearity is influenced by a variable overlay of the intrinsic mechanism of autoregulation to afterload (shortening deactivation) and preload (Frank-Starling mechanism). To study the effect of different short-term loading alterations on the shape of the ESPVR, experiments on twenty-four healthy pigs were executed. Preload reductions, afterload increases and preload reductions while the afterload level was increased were performed. The ESPVR was described either by a linear or a bilinear regression through the end-systolic pressure volume (ES-PV) points. Increases in afterload caused a biphasic course of the ES-PV points, which led to a better fit of the bilinear ESPVRs (r2 0.929 linear ESPVR vs. r2 0.96 and 0.943 bilinear ESPVR). ES-PV points of a preload reduction on a normal and augmented afterload level could be well described by a linear regression (r2 0.974 linear ESPVR vs. r2 0.976 and 0.975 bilinear ESPVR). The intercept of the second ESPVR (V0) but not the slope demonstrated a significant linear correlation with the reached afterload level (effective arterial elastance Ea). Thus, the early response to load could be described by the fixed slope of the ESPVR and variable V0, which was determined by the actual afterload. The ESPVR is only apparently nonlinear, as its course over several heartbeats was affected by an overlay of SDA and FSM. These findings could be easily transferred to cardiovascular simulation models to improve their accuracy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Non-linearity of end-systolic pressure–volume relation in afterload increases is caused by an overlay of shortening deactivation and the Frank–Starling mechanism

Habigt

Krieger

Ketelhut

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Acute effects of pulmonary artery banding in sheep on right ventricle pressure–volume relations: relevance to the arterial switch operation

Hon

Steendijk

Khan

et al. 2001

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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The first stage of the two-stage arterial switch operation (ASO) for transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is associated with depressed ventricular function and an unstable immediate post-operative course. It is unclear if this is because of the acute increase in afterload of the thin-walled, low-pressure ventricle by pulmonary artery banding (PAB). To determine the acute effects of afterload increase on the contractile function of thin-walled ventricles, we studied the right ventricular pressure-volume relations of seven sheep before and 30 min after PAB using combined pressure-conductance catheters during inflow reduction. Load independent indices of systolic and diastolic performance were derived from these relations. Pulmonary artery banding increased the mean ratio between right and left ventricular systolic pressure from 0.34 +/- 0.05 to 0.64 +/- 0.10, P < 0.05 (mean +/- SD). There were no significant changes in heart rate and end-systolic volume after banding although there was an incremental trend in the end-diastolic volume and stroke volume. Right ventricular output (530 +/- 163-713 +/- 295 mL min (-1), P < 0.05), slope of the end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR) (3.7 +/- 2.8-10.0 +/- 4.8 mmHg mL (-1), P < 0.05) and slope of the pre-load recruitable stroke work (PRSW) relation (9.6 +/- 1.8-15.0 +/- 3.1 mmHg, P < 0.05) were significantly increased indicating improved contractile state after banding. The diastolic function curve was unchanged after banding although the right ventricle (RV) was operating at a larger end-diastolic volume. Hence, the RV of sheep responded to acute pressure overload by demonstrating enhanced contractility and evidence of the Frank-Starling mechanism without associated change in right ventricular diastolic performance.

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Effects of Tachycardia on Regional Wall Motion in Acute Ischemic Canine Heart

Yamamoto

Sakuma

Hozawa

et al. 2004

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Tachycardia accompanies the preload reduction. Our aim is to assess the effect of the heart rate change on wall motion in ischemic heart. In 8 dogs with occlusion of left anterior descending artery, we changed the heart rate (heart rate 90, 120, and 150 beats/minute) after using UL-FS49, a selective bradycardic agent, with atrial pacing. Preload was changed by inferior vena caval occlusion at a heart rate of 90 beats/minute. With either an increase in heart rate or an inferior vena caval occlusion, the end-diastolic length was decreased, but the end-diastolic length relationships between the non-ischemic and the ischemic region made different lines from those of the heart rate change and inferior vena caval occlusion. When increasing the heart rate, isovolumetric shortening was unchanged in the non-ischemic region with more expansion in the ischemic region. While inferior vena caval occlusion at a heart rate of 90 beats/minute, isovolumetric shortening was increased in the non-ischemic region, with more expansion in the ischemic region. Both in tachycardia and by the inferior vena caval occlusion, ejectional shortenings decreased in the non-ischemic and ischemic regions. Our results suggest that, in ischemic heart, tachycardia changes both in the end-diastolic length relationship between the nonischemic and the ischemic region and at the isovolumetric contraction phase. The changes seem to be not only due to the inferior vena caval occlusion, but also due to tachycardia itself. heart rate; preload; isovolumetric phase; ischemic region; UL-FS49

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The responses of left ventricular end‐systolic pressure‐diameter relationship to acute pressure overload induced by aortic constriction

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Non-linearity of end-systolic pressure–volume relation in afterload increases is caused by an overlay of shortening deactivation and the Frank–Starling mechanism

Non-linearity of end-systolic pressure–volume relation in afterload increases is caused by an overlay of shortening deactivation and the Frank–Starling mechanism

Acute effects of pulmonary artery banding in sheep on right ventricle pressure–volume relations: relevance to the arterial switch operation

Effects of Tachycardia on Regional Wall Motion in Acute Ischemic Canine Heart

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