The Restorative Effect of Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Fruit Extract on Pulmonary Tissue of Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Exposed to Cigarette Smoke

Abstract

Since the damage to alveolar tissue due to cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) is lipid peroxidation, antioxidant treatment is needed. The red guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruit contains antioxidants derived from quercetin, lycopene, and vitamin C. This study aimed to determine the effect of red guava fruit extract (RGFE) on the alveolar tissue of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. The 25 rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into five groups. The control and T0 groups were only administered placebo, while T1, T2, and T3 groups were orally administered RGFE of 18.9, 37.8, and 56.7 mg/kg body weight daily for 44 days. The CSE dose of 20 suctions daily was conducted on T0, T1, T2, and T3 groups on days 15–44. On day 45, all rats were sacrificed for serum collection and histopathological lung slides with eosin-nigrosin staining. The result showed that CSE caused an increase p < 0.05 in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, cell death, apoptosis, and necrosis percentages, congestion and thickening of alveolar septum tissue, and reduction in the alveolar diameter and alveolar number. Administration of RGFE suppressed those effects, and the highest dose of RGFE (T3) restored p > 0.05 MDA levels, percentage of apoptotic and necrosis, alveolar septal thickening, and alveolar diameter. However, the percentages of cell death, alveolar congestion, and the alveolar number were still worse p < 0.05 than in normal rats. It could be concluded that RGFE has proved relief and restoration of the alveolar tissue of rats exposed to cigarette smoke.

Effect of white guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruit juice on the quality of lead acetate induced rats (Rattus norvegicus) spermatozoa

“…The way antioxidants work was to give one or more compounds electrons to become an oxidant, then changed the oxidant into a more stable compound. Antioxidants could eliminate free radicals (Meles et al, 2021). The plasma membrane protected the internal organs of cells and filtered intracellular and extracellular surfaces (Tapia et al, 2012).…”

Effect of Psidium guajava Juice on The Seminiferous Tubules Diameter and Epithelium Thickness in Rattus norvegicus Exposed by Lead Acetate

“…Many phytonutrients, such as lycopene, quercetin, vitamin C, and vitamin A, act as antioxidants and are found in white guava (Naseer et al 2018). In cases of lead toxicity, quercetin blocks oxidative stress to protect male reproductive health and inhibits apoptosis by acting as a natural antioxidant and metal chelator (Meles et al 2021).…”

Aroma-based discrimination of Egyptian versus Indian guava fruits and in response to probiotics as analyzed via SPME/GC–MS and chemometric tools

“…pyrifera ) 19 . Phytochemical differences between them were observed in vitamin C and total phenolics, with red variety more enriched 20 , 21 . Fruits aroma has shown its potential to discriminate between numerous plant cvs.…”