The results of school reforms in upper Hungary: Jewish schools under state control

Teaching Haskalah – Haskalah and teaching: Jewish education in the Czech Lands (a power play)

“…Hecht tion (Toleranzpatente) for the Jewish population, issued between 1781 and 1789, 9 Maria Theresa's laws for compulsory schooling from 1774 were extended to the Jewish inhabitants. 10 Paralleling the laws for the Christian population, Joseph II decreed that every Jewish community with a synagogue should set up its own school, 11 whereas in smaller Jewish settlements Jewish children should attend Christian schools. As a consequence more than 200 state-supervised German-Jewish schools opened their gates throughout the Habsburg Monarchy in the last two decades of the eighteenth century.…”