The results of the differential mineral fertilization in the automatic mode according to the task map

The purpose of the study was to assess the availability of phosphorus and potassium mobile forms in the humus layer of virgin gray forest soils in the western part of the West Siberian Lowland. The results of laboratory tests were processed using mathematical methods of variational statistics in Microsoft Excel. It was revealed that gray forest soils have low availability of mobile phosphorus in the humus layer (light gray - 34±17 mg/kg, gray - 44±23 mg/kg, dark gray - 52±24 mg/kg of soil). For that reason, when they are involved in arable land, continuous phosphorization or constant application of phosphorus fertilizers will be required. Also, during agricultural use, a high degree of variation in the content of mobile phosphorus should be considered (variation coefficient is 45% for dark gray and 51% for light gray and gray forest soils). Gray forest soils are characterized by a fairly good supply of mobile potassium, which content in humus layer of light gray soils is 133±45 mg/kg, gray - 140±49 mg/kg, dark gray - 164±51 mg/kg of soil. This is due to the peculiarities of the mineralogical composition of parent rock materials of gray forest soils. The variation of the content of potassium mobile forms in all subtypes is estimated as average. The research results can be applied in the development of agrochemical measures aimed at increasing the fertility of gray forest soils.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus-potassium state as an element of natural fertility of gray forest soils of Western Siberia

Eremina

Kayugina

2022

“…Nevertheless, almost immediately they had to admit that the fertilizer system works effectively on the medium agricultural background, where it is planned to obtain a yield of grain crops of no more than 4.0 t/ha. At high agricultural backgrounds, providing yields of more than 5.0 t/ha, its efficiency decreases, and as the experience of many years of research has shown, the genetic characteristics of varieties are a limiting factor [8,9]. This is most clearly manifested in the grain biochemical composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic resistance of oat of West Siberian breeding to contrasting weather conditions and mineral nutrition level

Lyubimova

Moiseeva

2022

The publication presents the results of the study of three modern common oat varieties of West Siberian breeding for response to different levels of agricultural background in contrasting moistening weather conditions. The research was carried out in the northern forest-steppe of the Trans-Urals. The soil is leached thin chernozem, medium-humus, heavy-loamy. The following varieties were studied: Talisman, Otrada, and Foma. By applying fertilizers in the experiment, the following agricultural backgrounds were created: control, without fertilizers; medium N60P20 kg/ha of active substance; increased - N90P40; high - N150P6o; very high – N200P80 kg/ha. It was found that the Otrada and Foma varieties have a higher resistance to acute arid conditions compared to the Talisman variety. In a year favorable for moisture due to mineral fertilizers, the maximum yield was obtained for: Talisman – 5.62; Otrada – 6.16 and Foma - 5.78 t/ha of grain. In acutely arid conditions, the Talisman reacted more negatively, the yield of which was equal to 2.30 t/ha. In other varieties, the yield reached 3.11 and 3.36 t/ha, respectively. During the research, it was found that the Otrada and Foma varieties belong to the group of high-intensity varieties recommended for Western Siberia. Biochemical analysis of grain and calculation of influence strength indicator showed that the protein content under the action of fertilizers increases from 6.1-7.0 to 8.4-118%, the Talisman variety had minimal response to fertilizers, where the protein content reached 10.6% only in a dry, hot year. It was revealed that the fat content in oat grain depends only on the variety – the influence strength indicator is 88.9%. The starch content is determined by the weather conditions of the year (36.1%), but varietal features are distinguished.

“…This explains the strong variability in the properties of soils formed within the same natural and climatic zone. Thanks to the development of science and technology, new varieties of agricultural crops were created, zonal systems of tillage and fertilizers were developed [1][2][3][4]. On their basis, a system of Siberian agriculture was developed, which considered the harsh climatic conditions and low-fertile soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microaggregate Composition as a Factor of Variability in the Physical Properties of Gray Forest Soils in Western Siberia

Kayugina

Eremin

2022

The aim of the study was to study the variability of the microaggregate composition of the soil profile of virgin gray forest soils in the western part of the West Siberian Lowland. 330 soil sections were studied, covering all subtypes of gray forest soils. Empirical data were processed using mathematical methods of variation statistics. The results of the research showed that the humus horizon of light gray forest soils is characterized by good water resistance of microaggregates - the dispersity factor on average for the sample is 14.6%, the variation is small (Cv = 19%). Gray forest soils in the humus horizon have, on average, a dispersity factor of 12.2%. This subtype, in comparison with light gray soils, has a higher variability of the dispersity factor (Cv = 24%), which is due to the variety of combinations of soil formation factors, mainly relief and vegetation. The dispersity factor of the humus horizon of dark gray forest soils averages 7.9% for the sample, which is typical for medium structured soils; the variation is estimated as small (Cv = 18%). The microaggregate composition of gray forest soils is characterized as satisfactory throughout the entire soil profile, which makes it possible to improve structure formation during agricultural development and maintain the optimal structural-aggregate composition for a long time. The results obtained can be used in the development of an adaptive-landscape system of agriculture.