The reuse of waste cooking oil and spent bleaching earth to produce biodiesel

Recent trends in biodiesel production

“…Huang and Chang (2010) estimated that on average 0.5 million tons of SBE oil is generated annually in the world. Sahafi et al (2015) argued that based on their preliminary financial analysis, the economic feasibility and availability of SBE residual oil would make it a better option for biodiesel production than using the refined vegetable oil or WFO. Moreover, a number of studies reported significant improvements in the properties and performance of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends by dissolving waste polymers such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) in biodiesel produced from WFO and SBE oil (Mohammadi et al, 2012(Mohammadi et al, , 2013(Mohammadi et al, , 2014 Soapstock is a by-product from vegetable oil refinement (Pinzi et al, 2014).…”

“…oil. SBE may present a fire hazard if not properly stored or disposed of at landfills (Sahafi et al, 2015). Huang and Chang (2010) estimated that on average 0.5 million tons of SBE oil is generated annually in the world.…”

“…Apart from WFO, which has been a focus of numerous studies, other waste oil resources of no commercial value such as spent bleaching earth (SBE) oil (Sahafi et al, 2015) and soapstocks ( Azocar et al, 2010) have also been proposed. It also should be noted that animal fats/lipids such as chicken fat, tallow, lard, waste fish oil (Sharma et al, 2014) and so on are not truly of no commercial value for they are in high demand in many parts of the globe as food/feed ingredients and hence, are not considered as ideal waste oil feedstocks for sustainable biodiesel production practices.…”

Polysel: An environmental-friendly CI engine fuel

“…SBE biodiesel production SBE was provided by Naz oil company (Isfahan, Iran). The oil adsorbed in SBE was obtained by solvent extraction method as previously described by Sahafi et al (2015) [9]. More specifically, the bleaching earth was exposed to n-hexane at ratio of 1:2 and mixed at 3000 rpm for 2 h at room temperature.…”

“…As a rough estimation, 1.2e1.6 kg of SBE is generated per metric ton of edible oil produced in an oil refinery plant. It is reported that SBE contains as much as 20e40 wt% oil, fat and colored pigments and that this waste may present a fire hazard if not stored or disposed properly [9]. Currently, only a small fraction of SBE is recovered and is mostly disposed of at landfills.…”