1973
DOI: 10.1080/03637757309375796
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The rhetoric of goodbye: Verbal and nonverbal correlates of human leave‐taking

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Cited by 94 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…Eye contact provides critical information about next steps in the interaction; in the passing back and forth of the proverbial "talking stick" in the course of a conversation, longer gazes are used to convey that a speaker is finishing what they are saying and waiting for someone else to respond (Kendon, 1967;Levine & Sutton-Smith, 1973). Similarly, breaking eye contact has been shown to indicate the end of a social interaction (Knapp, Hart, Friedrich, & Shulman, 1973). These results generalize to other broader settings, such as the classroom.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 58%
“…Eye contact provides critical information about next steps in the interaction; in the passing back and forth of the proverbial "talking stick" in the course of a conversation, longer gazes are used to convey that a speaker is finishing what they are saying and waiting for someone else to respond (Kendon, 1967;Levine & Sutton-Smith, 1973). Similarly, breaking eye contact has been shown to indicate the end of a social interaction (Knapp, Hart, Friedrich, & Shulman, 1973). These results generalize to other broader settings, such as the classroom.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 58%
“…Concomitant use of smiles, head nods, and eyebrow raises occurs in approval-seeking, greeting, and supportive contexts. Such cues are used together to regulate conversational turn-taking, and co-occur cross-culturally (Birdwhistell, 1970;Dittmann & Llewellyn, 1968;Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1972;Rosenfeld, 1966Rosenfeld, , 1972Knapp, Hart, Friedrich, & Schulman, 1973). Given that these cues occur singly and in combination during all phases of an interaction, and that they function as rewards, it is likely that smiles, head nods, and eyebrow raises affect the level of interpersonal attraction between interactants.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…A time sample would allow testing for possible development in confirmation over time: although durations involved were brief (the longest was 25.6 minutes), it was considered worth while to test the effect of time on confirmation. A sample consisting of one minute after the beginning (to allow initial social ritual conversation), one from the middle, and one minute before the conclusion (to allow time for leave taking) was seen as appropriate (Knapp et al, 1973). A correlation was computed between average confirmation per minute for the interaction and the average per minute for the three minute sample.…”
Section: Unit Of Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%