The Ribosomes of Pear Fruit

Ku, Lily Lim; Romani, Roger J.

doi:10.1104/pp.45.4.401

Cited by 33 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These results suggest that the continuous stimulation in ethylene production induced by wounding is transcriptiondependent and that irradiation, through its well-known action on DNA, impairs this stimulation. Such interpretation is in accordance with previous results showing an impairment of ribosomal synthesis with possible recovery in pear fruits (12) and damage and repair processes of proteins in tomato fruits ( 1 8).…”

Section: Efe Radiosensitivitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Short-Term Effects of γ-Irradiation on 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Metabolism in Early Climacteric Cherry Tomatoes

Larrigaudière

Latché²,

Pech³

et al. 1990

Plant Physiol.

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ABSTRACT'y-Irradiation of early climacteric (breaker) cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicon pimpinellifollium L.) caused a sharp burst in ethylene production during the first hour. The extent of ethylene production was dose dependent and was maximum at about 3 kilograys. The content of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), followed the same evolution as ethylene production, while malonyl ACC increased steadily with time in irradiated fruits. The burst in ethylene production was accompanied by a sharp stimulation of ACC synthase activity which began 15 minutes after irradiation. The stimulation was completely prevented by cycloheximide, but not by actinomycin D or cordycepin. In contrast with irradiation, mechanical wounding continuously stimulated ethylene production over several hours. '-Irradiation and cordycepin applied to wounded tissues both caused the cessation of this continuous increase, but the initial burst was still persisting. These data suggest that a-irradiation, like wounding, stimulates the translation of preexisting mRNAs. It also reduces, at least temporarily, the subsequent transcription-dependent stimulation of ethylene production. '-Irradiation greatly inhibited the activity of ethylene-forming enzyme at doses higher than 1 kilogray. Such sensitivity is in accordance with a highly integrated membranebound enzyme.

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Section: Efe Radiosensitivitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Short-Term Effects of γ-Irradiation on 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Metabolism in Early Climacteric Cherry Tomatoes

Larrigaudière

Latché²,

Pech³

et al. 1990

Plant Physiol.

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“…This increase in ribosomes noted at the beginning of ripening is in good accordance with the increase in ribosomal synthesis found in avocado (16), figs (12), and pear fruit (9,17) at the beginning of the climacteric. Yet, the increase in polyribosomes noted with progressive ripening of our pear fruit is contrary to these studies.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Polyribosomes from Pear Fruit

Drouet

Hartmann²

1982

Plant Physiol.

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Detailed analyses of polysome profiles from Iyophilized pulp tissues of pear fruits (Pyrus communis L. cv. Passe-Crassane) at different stages of ripening and senescence, and estimates of the amount of polysomal-associated mRNA, lead to the conclusions that during senescence (ripening), the ripening and the over-ripening processes can clearly be separated and respectively Unked to the first and the second increase in the large mRNA species. Ethylene synthesis which occurs at the beginning of a normal ripening at 15°C after a cold storage or an ethephon treatment is related to an increase in mRNA and ribosomal material found only in pulp tissues.Finaily, we suggest that in the pear fruit, the sequence of events which occurs during senescence (ripening) is initiated by two systems which regulate ethylene biogenesis, and that the first system is efficient only at low temperatures (from 0 to 4°C).In earlier papers (2, 4), polysome profiles were examined from lyophilized peel tissue of ripening pear (Pyrus communis L. cv. Passe-Crassane), and detailed analyses of polysome distributions were used to measure the amount of polysomal-associated mRNA present in tissues. It has been shown previously (11) that the variety of pear fruit studied in our laboratory required an optimal period of 12 weeks of cold storage before normal ripening at 15°C in which the fruits would exhibit the characteristic climacteric respiratory pattern. Without this prior storage at 0°C, fruits are unable to ripen at 15°C and do not exhibit any climacteric respiration or ethylene synthesis, though an ethylene or ethephon treatment can restore a normal ripening.In this report, we have examined the polyribosome distribution of pulp tissues of fruits ripened in different conditions and estimated the amount of available mRNA. These results have been compared with those obtained from peel tissues sampled from the same fruits in order to follow changes occurring in peel and pulp tissues during ripening and senescence. MATERIALS AND METHODSFruits. Pear (Pyrus communis L. cv. Passe-Crassane) harvested at the beginning of November were stored either at 0°C or at 15°C. Fruits stored at 0°C for 12 weeks were subsequently transferred to 15°C for ripening, while fruits stored initially at 15°Cwere placed either in air or in air with ethylene (500 ,ul/l; continuous flow) (11). Other fruits have been treated by ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) at 0.2%

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“…Moreover, we found that, during the ripening of tomato fruit, the levels of both SnoR12.1 and SnoU24a maximized at the unripe, green stage of the fruit, declining thereafter upon ripening; during the progression of ripening, the decline in SnoR12.1 transcripts was slower than the rapid decline in SnoU24a transcripts [11]. Interestingly, an overall decline in protein synthesis accompanied by a decline in the de novo ribosome and rRNA synthesis was also previously observed in tomato fruit upon ripening [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Engineered Ripening-Specific Accumulation of Polyamines Spermidine and Spermine in Tomato Fruit Upregulates Clustered C/D Box snoRNA Gene Transcripts in Concert with Ribosomal RNA Biogenesis in the Red Ripe Fruit

Shukla

Fatima

Goyal

et al. 2020

Plants

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Ripening of tomato fruit leads, in general, to a sequential decrease in the endogenous levels of polyamines spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM), while the trend for the diamine putrescine (PUT) levels is generally an initial decrease, followed by a substantial increase, and thereafter reaching high levels at the red ripe fruit stage. However, genetic engineering fruit-specific expression of heterologous yeast S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) decarboxylase in tomato has been found to result in a high accumulation of SPD and SPM at the cost of PUT. This system enabled a genetic approach to determine the impact of increased endogenous levels of biogenic amines SPD and SPM in tomato (579HO transgenic line) and on the biogenesis, transcription, processing, and stability of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes in tomato fruit as compared with the non-transgenic 556AZ line. One major biogenetic process regulating transcription and processing of pre-mRNA complexes in the nucleus involves small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). To determine the effect of high levels of SPD and SPM on these latter processes, we cloned, sequenced, and identified a box C/D snoRNA cluster in tomato, namely, SlSnoR12, SlU24a, Slz44a, and Slz132b. Similar to this snoRNA cluster housed on chromosome (Chr.) 6, two other noncoding C/D box genes, SlsnoR12.2 and SlU24b, with a 94% identity to those on Chr. 6 were found located on Chr. 3. We also found that other snoRNAs divisible into snoRNA subclusters A and B, separated by a uridine rich spacer, were decorated with other C/D box snoRNAs, namely, J10.3, Z131a/b, J10.1, and Z44a, followed by z132a, J11.3, z132b, U24, Z20, U24a, and J11. Several of these, for example, SlZ44a, Slz132b, and SlU24a share conserved sequences similar to those in Arabidopsis and rice. RNAseq analysis of high SPD/SPM transgenic tomatoes (579HO line) showed significant enrichment of RNA polymerases, ribosomal, and translational protein genes at the breaker+8 ripening stage as compared with the 556AZ control. Thus, these results indicate that SPD/SPM regulates snoRNA and rRNA expression directly or indirectly, in turn, affecting protein synthesis, metabolism, and other cellular activities in a positive manner.

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The Ribosomes of Pear Fruit

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Short-Term Effects of γ-Irradiation on 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Metabolism in Early Climacteric Cherry Tomatoes

Short-Term Effects of γ-Irradiation on 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Metabolism in Early Climacteric Cherry Tomatoes

Polyribosomes from Pear Fruit

Engineered Ripening-Specific Accumulation of Polyamines Spermidine and Spermine in Tomato Fruit Upregulates Clustered C/D Box snoRNA Gene Transcripts in Concert with Ribosomal RNA Biogenesis in the Red Ripe Fruit

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